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姿态万千，百转千回，交谊舞的美妙不可言；技艺精湛，举手投足间交谊舞者的独特气质尽显。掌握跳交谊舞的技巧，提高交谊舞技艺，是交谊舞水平向更高层次发展的必修课，一起来看下跳交谊舞的技巧吧。

何为交谊舞

要了解跳交谊舞的技巧，先认识一下交谊舞的基础知识，主要都有哪些种类？起源于哪里？

交谊舞的起源

交谊舞是起源于西方的国际性的社交舞蹈，又称舞厅舞，舞会舞，社交舞，国标舞。最早起源于欧洲，在古老民间舞蹈的基础上发展演变而成。自16、17世纪起，交谊舞已在欧洲各国成为一种普遍的社交活动，故有“世界语言”之称。到20世纪20年代以后，交谊舞在世界各地风行起来，所以又称它为国际舞。

交谊舞的种类

第一类为现代舞：华尔兹Waltz（慢三步）、探戈Tango、狐步SlowFoxtrot、快步QuickStep、维也纳华尔兹VienneseWaltz（快三步）、布鲁斯舞。

（布鲁斯舞）

第二类为拉丁舞：伦巴Rumba、恰恰恰ChaChaCha、桑巴Samba、斗牛PasoDoble、牛仔舞Jive。

（伦巴）

跳交谊舞技巧

在交谊舞中，舞者姿态与动作技巧展现在每个舞步与动作中，可以说想要跳出优美流畅、技艺精湛的交谊舞，这两者是必备的基本功。因此交谊舞者要按照动作技巧，严格要求自己，才能展现出优美的舞姿，表现出标准的动作。舞者姿态和动作技巧要点如下。

舞者姿态

基本姿态

男士以自然直立，双膝稍曲之姿势站立，双脚至身体往前倾，腰部紧撑，肩膀自然放松，胸部不可拉紧，身体之重量往前放在脚掌上，双脚平放。女士基本上与男士的姿势相同，只是在腰部以上姿势须稍向后，但不可太夸张。

姿势要点

跳舞时，非常讲究基本姿势正确，上半身要往上伸拔，下半身则要往下松沉，使得脊柱像吊着的铁链一样，既松垂毕直而又灵活，这样，从中腰起，上下就有一种对拉的抗衡力，尤如禾苗的生长，根往下生，茎往上长；使身体放长，增加身体上下的抗衡力，抗衡力越大，就越能增加弹性和爆发力。要取得良好的姿势和内在力量，最好的方法是记住一些最基本的要点：

1、站立时，悬顶拔背，气沉丹田。这样，可使背肌往上伸展，脊柱保持中正不偏；同时，可以增加颈部到腰腹的长度，更重要的是使身体保持舞蹈的"直腰"。

2、头部的转动，要带动整个脊柱转动，而不是头颈单独转动。两肩松垂，两肘微微向下松沉，使身体重心不至提升，跳摩登舞时，握持不要夹得太紧，也不能大松软；要稳固，十分坚定，有弹性，不能僵硬。

3、收小腹，利用丹田内气控制呼吸（横隔膜逆式呼吸），胸部要非常舒松自然。腰胯要放松，膝部要保持微曲和松弛，感觉腰腿至脚大拇指的长度。

4、主力腿又称重心腿，是指动作过程中或形成姿态时，支撑身体重心的一条腿，它与动力腿的配合对身体平衡以及动作、姿态的优美有着重要作用。

5、动力腿是非重心支撑的一条腿，可做各种屈伸、摆动以及前进和后退的动作。

6、握持姿态在交谊舞中是相当重要的，握持得好可以使舞者的外形在舞蹈中展现得更加漂亮，握持要点可以分以下几步。具体可以参考视频【国标交谊舞入门】 https://b23.tv/lxnx7TZ

（一）男士女士先分别屈膝直立身体站好，男士的左手与女士的右手虎口相对握好。

（二）男士的右手五指合并，放在女士左肩胛骨下边，女士的左手放在男士的右大臂上。

（三）在跳舞的时候，男女之间身体的重叠为二分之一，即：男士身体的中央线对着女士身体的右外侧，不是完全的重叠也不是完全错开。

（四）视线上，男士的视线从其左手到女士的头的中间看出去。女士的视线从男士右肩膀上方看出来。

动作技巧

方位

是指在一个舞步结束时，双脚在舞池中所面对、背对指示之方向，也就是指舞步运行之方向，并非身体之方向。一般以舞者自身为中心点，每向右转45度为一个方向，分前、后、左、右及左前、右前、左后、右后八个方向。

移动

在未起步之前，双膝要放松，欲前进时，先将脚以上的整个身体前移，使身体重心落在双脚前掌。欲后退时，先将脚以上的整个身体后移，使身体重心落在双脚后跟。当身体重心超出支撑点后，身体将先于动力腿开始移动，同时主力腿紧随开始动作，推动身体继续向前(或向后)移动。（见图2）

反身动作

这一动作技巧可使旋转做得圆滑、连贯，但做的时候要做得适度。反身动作是一种引导身体旋转的动作，是指身体与舞步形成反向配合，不论是前进或后退身体的另一侧向移动足方向移动，此动作作为左、右轴转步，表现最为突出。这个动作一般在交谊舞中经常运用，注意在向前转动时主要以肩带动，向后转动时主要以胯带动。注意，反身动作并不改变迈步的方向。

（图1、反身动作动图）

口诀要点：左脚前进时，右肩和右胯前送；右脚前进时，左肩和左胯前送；左脚后退时，右肩和右胯后让；右脚后退时，左肩和左胯后让。

倾斜动作

熟练掌握这一技巧动作，有助于平衡或旋转的舞姿优美。倾斜动作表现为身体由足踝以上向左或向右之倾斜度，倾斜的原则是倾向转圈之内侧，反身动作不可倾斜，但在右脚反身动作进行时，应向右倾斜，左脚反身动作时则向左倾斜。各种旋转，开始都是反身动作，接着参与其中的就是倾斜动作。

（图2、倾斜动作、移动动作动图）

摆荡动作

这一动作技巧最为关键，只有做好了摆荡，倾斜和升降两个动作才会显得自然完美。摆荡是以身体一侧为轴，用身体的另一侧向前向上做运动的动作。因为摆荡，引起身体的倾斜，又使得身体有了向上的动作，继而有了上升，并且是螺旋式上升。它要求舞者在每次走步时身体和脚步有向上荡起的感觉，有如荡秋千一样从下向上荡起。摆荡技巧适用于除探戈舞以外的其他各舞种，尤其在三步舞中常用到。

（图3、摆荡动作动图）

升降动作

这一动作技巧能形成一个波浪起伏的曲线，显示出舞者的轻盈和飘逸。上升是指大腿肌肉支撑，将膝盖打直，然后整个身体向上扩张，随着由脚跟之升起或离发之动作而来。下降是指支撑足由脚尖到脚跟往下并延续屈膝之下降动作，便于下一步的进行。各种舞步都有不同程度的起伏，这种起伏是指舞者身体和双脚所表现出来的上升与下降。

现以升降技巧得到充分体现的慢三步举例说明：当第一拍出步时先屈膝降体到最低处起步，第一拍的后半拍即开始上升，第二拍运步时继续上升，第三拍继续上升到顶点，这时身体呈现暂时“悬挂”在空中的形态，强化飘逸和轻盈，然后在第三拍末时又下降。

（图4、升降动作动图）

其他技巧

韵律

有韵律感的人在跳交谊舞时很加分，它是指在舞蹈动作中，人体运动的自然规律造成欲左先右、欲纵先收，以及动与静、上与下、高与低、长与短等辩证的规律。韵律在舞蹈中有着重要的地位，是较难掌握的一种动作因素。

提升韵律感技巧：

平时要注意对情感的把握，在学习每一个舞蹈动作时，培养掌握动作寓意化、情感化的能力。练习基本功时要让音乐伴随，用心感受音乐，掌握音乐节奏，跟上音乐律动，真正感受到每一个动作所具有的情感境界。

造型

造型也是跳交谊舞时很重要的一部分。造型一般是指塑造人物外部形象的艺术手段之一，在舞蹈中人们将塑造性强的动作姿态称为“造型”。舞蹈作品离不开动作，动作展现的就是造型，造型技巧需要舞者的高度配合才能展现。

造型技巧：

对称图形：看过一系列眼花缭乱的高难度技巧动作和变化复杂的造型之后，直白的造型有时更易于观众接受。当然简单构图需要多方面思考和实践，比如可以参考基本的几何图形。

不对称图形：一般分成平面和托举。一般这样的造型难度系数大，追求动作配合的顺畅和巧妙，展现舞者自身的优势。这一技巧主要要做到呼吸一致，两者必须同时用力，要借助对方的力量才能完成造型的完整及接下来造型的稳当转换。

服饰

一套出彩的交谊舞服饰，在出场时能让人眼前一亮。交谊舞服饰最重要的就是能让舞者从容地完成各种技术难度的舞蹈动作，同时还要有助于加强舞蹈的艺术表现力。尤其在国际标准舞比赛中，舞服也占了一定的分数，因此舞者的服饰、仪容不可忽视。

挑选服饰技巧：

挑选时首先要和舞蹈风格相和谐，男士和女士服饰注意事项如下：

对男士来讲：一般上身衬衫、T恤衫均可，领带可打可不打。下身一定要穿长裤，西裤或休闲裤都可以。脚上应着皮鞋，有1-2厘米的微跟最为理想。鞋子的尺码应适当，鞋底及皮革柔软舒适为宜。袜子的颜色一定要与皮鞋裤子的颜色相配。

对女士来讲：上身的穿着较为随意，可视情况配戴一两件首饰。最好着裙装，长短应个人爱好而定。女士的鞋子正式要求高跟鞋，鞋跟在3-7厘米为宜，初学者为防扭伤，微跟即可。

慢三步教程

初学者想入门交谊舞，建议选择华尔兹（慢三步）比较容易上手，一般在舞会中，慢三也是跳得最多的。华尔兹（慢三步）以优美的音乐、潇洒的舞姿和起伏的身浪而被人们称作“舞中之后”，其步法清晰简单，初学者在学好基本功之后，再去把升降、摆荡、反身、倾斜等技巧融合进去就会非常优美，在圆舞曲伴奏下，两人精彩起舞，则可尽显温馨与浪漫。现在分享一下华尔兹（慢三步）的基本步法教程。

基本姿势

基本姿势：（一）首先男士伸出左手，四指并拢，拇指形成虎口，请女士上前搭手。（二）当女士搭好手后，男士引导女士向前，女士的左手虎口插在男士的右臂的三角肌上；（三）而男士右手五指并拢，搭在女士的肩胛骨下。

女士步法

女士首先右脚后退一步，右脚脚尖着地，接着脚掌着地，同时左脚往后退一步，脚尖着地，再脚掌着地；右脚后退一步，脚尖着地，再脚掌着地。往前时，右脚上一步，从脚尖着地到脚掌着地；再左脚上前，脚尖到脚掌着地。简记：后退时：掌跟—掌—掌跟；前进时：跟掌—掌—掌跟。

男士步法

慢三第一拍即重拍步子要大一些，二三拍为弱拍，步子稍作调整。男士首先左脚脚跟着地，右脚往上一步，左脚脚尖着地到脚掌着地，同时右脚踮脚让脚尖着地；

右脚上一步，脚跟着地，左脚上前一步，脚掌着地；右脚上一步，脚尖着地到脚掌着地。简记：跟掌—掌—掌跟。

步法要领

慢三步的运步要领，以下为向前向后运步详解。

向前运步：向前运步时，男士的脚跟，滑着地面向前，后面的脚的脚尖，拖过来，再向前；再用脚跟再滑向前，脚跟拖过来，再滑向前。

向后运步：向后运步时，脚尖擦着地，找到着地点，脚跟拖回来，找到着地点，脚跟拖回来，动作重复即可。

示范展示

下面为华尔兹（慢三步）前进后退步、左右斜进斜退步示范，初学者可以参考。慢三教程视频可以参考：【华尔兹舞教学视频】 https://b23.tv/toHPbrE【交谊舞慢三步教学】 https://b23.tv/ZWLV05D

自学注意事项

初学者在自学跳交谊舞时，在学舞过程中容易出现一些小问题，但如果能够重视以下五点，学舞的过程将会顺利很多。

1、忌急于求成。初学的学员容易犯的毛病是只求数量与进度，而不注重动作质量及规范，容易在短时间内学完很多动作及套路，这些不规范的动作及套路无疑如同“虚设”，久而久知习以为常之后，要想改正，十分困难。因此在学习动作时，应循序渐进、反复精雕细刻。

2、忌忽视姿态。学员在学习标准舞或拉丁舞时都应该注意姿态美。形态美，舒展挺拔、优雅大方，才会令人赏心悦目。因此在跳舞时始终要保持抬头、挺胸、收腹、立腰、肩放平、膝放松、大腿和臀夹紧上提的姿态。

3、忌一味求“花”。自学时，要避免陷入以“花步多少”衡量舞技高低的误区，一味追求花步数量，认为“花步越多越好”。这样的“花拳绣腿”在真正的比赛中势必经不起裁判观察与观众的欣赏。所以自学最重要的是要打下坚实的基本功，然后针对自己的特点有选择地学习一些花步及套路，才能扬长避短做到“锦上添花”。

4、忌忽视音乐。学员在开始学时，往往只重视技术动作的学习，缺乏对音乐韵律的表现和认识，学习中常常出现动作与音乐脱节。因此在学体育舞蹈时，要加强音乐修养，深刻体会到舞种特征的诠释，才会把音乐融入到自己的套路中，把音乐和舞蹈发挥得淋漓尽致。

5、忌忽视配合。男女舞友在学舞时，尽量都学习了解下男女步。比如男舞友学了女步，这样你对舞蹈就会有一个全面的了解，身体也更加灵活。而女舞友了解后，就知道女步会比男舞友慢半拍，让男舞友推着你走，千万不能走在男舞友的前面，否则跳不出感觉，还可能踩着男舞友的脚。

十大要决

1、高雅的风度来自挺拔的体态

2、风格的展现显示出美的追求

3、默契配合的前提是自我平衡

4、领舞的最高技巧是运用整个身体

5、提高音乐修养是使舞步产生迷人魅力的必由之路

6、“跃动感”是摆脱“走舞”形态的根本途径

7、侧身技巧是通向完美流动的桥梁

8、理想的升降必须消灭阶梯型过渡

9、倾斜是一种多功能的技巧手段

10、重心转移技术是“不露痕迹”

需重视的问题

学会保持放松

所谓放松，是在具备训练有素的肌肉能力的提题政，向更高层次的发展和提高，使整个形体具有一种“在放松的状态下用力、在用力的同时还要保持放松”的能力。这样才能在张弛有度的轻重缓急之中，施展出形体空间节奏的魅力。

重视腰部训练

腰部要注意柔韧、力量、及腰部肌肉感觉的灵活的训练。要重视分析不同状态下动作的“动机”和内在感觉，在反复的比较鉴别中，找到自己神经系统中的“座标”，从而使腰部众多肌肉群，能够随心所欲地听从调遣。

重视理论基础

很多人认为学习交谊舞很简单，只要看看视频就能上手，其实如果没有掌握正确的理论知识和学习方法，那么则不仅会学不到位，有时还很容易造成身体的伤害，所以要重视理论基础。

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"姿态万千，百转千回，交谊舞的美妙不可言；技艺精湛，举手投足间交谊舞者的独特气质尽显。掌握跳交谊舞的技巧，提高交谊舞技艺，是交谊舞水平向更高层次发展的必修课，一起来看下跳交谊舞的技巧吧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngo2i6Gy2WqqOKmkApSzIhc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"何为交谊舞","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngMMuc68OsyuAQy5QkUQk2t"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"要了解跳交谊舞的技巧，先认识一下交谊舞的基础知识，主要都有哪些种类？起源于哪里？","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW8Oi66QSQosy2x52SAkksU"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"交谊舞的起源","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU8AmCM4W2gUOwf4zX1llnp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"交谊舞是起源于西方的国际性的社交舞蹈，又称舞厅舞，舞会舞，社交舞，国标舞。最早起源于欧洲，在古老民间舞蹈的基础上发展演变而成。自16、17世纪起，交谊舞已在欧洲各国成为一种普遍的社交活动，故有“世界语言”之称。到20世纪20年代以后，交谊舞在世界各地风行起来，所以又称它为国际舞。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOEs0CyU0sImyqkw3HjyU5m"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":406,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交谊舞的起源","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c4f47d6272664fe486e8782c650e9e9c","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnoE6Si48UaGiq0C9ba3yqcf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"交谊舞的种类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYooSKQUSIW4uwDpZf0DVSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一类为现代舞：华尔兹Waltz（慢三步）、探戈Tango、狐步SlowFoxtrot、快步QuickStep、维也纳华尔兹VienneseWaltz（快三步）、布鲁斯舞。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYiumYEs6SgWGUNMR5dm9tb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":679,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交谊舞的种类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ecabf8181e3a4eeba11545d4e4b105d7","width":953},"text":"","id":"doxcnqguAMWSoo2se0AeihqUKHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（布鲁斯舞）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne6ka6awGiECCYfKxBDYCFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第二类为拉丁舞：伦巴Rumba、恰恰恰ChaChaCha、桑巴Samba、斗牛PasoDoble、牛仔舞Jive。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYea4asGG2Sk6eLz8gVWBib"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"交谊舞的种类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f2e66816dc5e40fe8a1fe549310633da","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcnKk6yiWoA0aweEI6iiuW5Lw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（伦巴）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM8gogcoWwqQ6qK8jt74n3e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"跳交谊舞","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWcgeuE4smqoqcVzywDBXVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在交谊舞中，舞者姿态与动作技巧展现在每个舞步与动作中，可以说想要跳出优美流畅、技艺精湛的交谊舞，这两者是必备的基本功。因此交谊舞者要按照动作技巧，严格要求自己，才能展现出优美的舞姿，表现出标准的动作。舞者姿态和动作技巧要点如下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2uOuqEcUISOcOEXUSL5Hpc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"舞者姿态","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY6W4sMCSGws4KwYqcKp5ef"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本姿态","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniUyKWA6wKuYoCkUwrCf90f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"男士以自然直立，双膝稍曲之姿势站立，双脚至身体往前倾，腰部紧撑，肩膀自然放松，胸部不可拉紧，身体之重量往前放在脚掌上，双脚平放。女士基本上与男士的姿势相同，只是在腰部以上姿势须稍向后，但不可太夸张。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn00YWsWcgUqq2ySkqDOJRoe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势要点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmGqeY60M4gEASk4lL8lwph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"跳舞时，非常讲究基本姿势正确，上半身要往上伸拔，下半身则要往下松沉，使得脊柱像吊着的铁链一样，既松垂毕直而又灵活，这样，从中腰起，上下就有一种对拉的抗衡力，尤如禾苗的生长，根往下生，茎往上长；使身体放长，增加身体上下的抗衡力，抗衡力越大，就越能增加弹性和爆发力。要取得良好的姿势和内在力量，最好的方法是记住一些最基本的要点：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkuc4qyOIQKgAKYyOfEzTqe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、站立时，悬顶拔背，气沉丹田。这样，可使背肌往上伸展，脊柱保持中正不偏；同时，可以增加颈部到腰腹的长度，更重要的是使身体保持舞蹈的\"直腰\"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGAIccwk6ouKGopIpF3nMQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、头部的转动，要带动整个脊柱转动，而不是头颈单独转动。两肩松垂，两肘微微向下松沉，使身体重心不至提升，跳摩登舞时，握持不要夹得太紧，也不能大松软；要稳固，十分坚定，有弹性，不能僵硬。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneosyemkEGqoeGUZ0757DQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、收小腹，利用丹田内气控制呼吸（横隔膜逆式呼吸），胸部要非常舒松自然。腰胯要放松，膝部要保持微曲和松弛，感觉腰腿至脚大拇指的长度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnK8Y0e6qgMWUY02YTdhXand"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、主力腿又称重心腿，是指动作过程中或形成姿态时，支撑身体重心的一条腿，它与动力腿的配合对身体平衡以及动作、姿态的优美有着重要作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAyAu2MuyU8MwO4aXgfqrZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、动力腿是非重心支撑的一条腿，可做各种屈伸、摆动以及前进和后退的动作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniISG0MquqMOGwhg07Zy3Td"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":925,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势要点","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e848c0b9324e402eab4d04418b1747dc","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnskkwwcoagQiQAntLJROa3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、握持姿态在交谊舞中是相当重要的，握持得好可以使舞者的外形在舞蹈中展现得更加漂亮，握持要点可以分以下几步。具体可以参考视频【国标交谊舞入门】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/lxnx7TZ"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/lxnx7TZ","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2O0EyqSaGIi6cr6fkkIWAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（一）男士女士先分别屈膝直立身体站好，男士的左手与女士的右手虎口相对握好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnECK4iKuaGQGQI6EkUuIhmb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势要点","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1f02a4a0b362404bbf383d0ed952f107","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnWiE6AqYMqmWIAFTqSRKVtc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（二）男士的右手五指合并，放在女士左肩胛骨下边，女士的左手放在男士的右大臂上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG8sgG4y6OwqOesQcIQDOTc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势要点","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4594c2e9f6ef4a689052e69a263f8358","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnEC6cUMcksIY2kzgbbarWme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（三）在跳舞的时候，男女之间身体的重叠为二分之一，即：男士身体的中央线对着女士身体的右外侧，不是完全的重叠也不是完全错开。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUWCYw6w4GUoy2p1a6iLPGc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势要点","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/84ad7c3d3336424b93b0abb921dd51c7","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcn8GG06kekkEcewIIhyL3W0y"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（四）视线上，男士的视线从其左手到女士的头的中间看出去。女士的视线从男士右肩膀上方看出来。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneQcUwu8Auk2cOz1T422Bsb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"姿势要点","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ee0dd3551056411ebf08aeec80cd430c","width":639},"text":"","id":"doxcnOiUIQWYEOYGy6yV7Q0xyHh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"动作技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsSUE0EGyGiw6ign0rZQT3e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"方位","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUmggOK4I6kAeMI6KY7Q4hv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"是指在一个舞步结束时，双脚在舞池中所面对、背对指示之方向，也就是指舞步运行之方向，并非身体之方向。一般以舞者自身为中心点，每向右转45度为一个方向，分前、后、左、右及左前、右前、左后、右后八个方向。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqmOcCk4AWcCSGGePrd6cIc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"移动","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIYE6yMyK6EQkGyrMYMbTNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在未起步之前，双膝要放松，欲前进时，先将脚以上的整个身体前移，使身体重心落在双脚前掌。欲后退时，先将脚以上的整个身体后移，使身体重心落在双脚后跟。当身体重心超出支撑点后，身体将先于动力腿开始移动，同时主力腿紧随开始动作，推动身体继续向前(或向后)移动。","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"（见图2）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOckQ4GmGCoYIyIfJIqxOld"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"反身动作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQQqUMI6woUMuQbjKqDUQQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这一动作技巧可使旋转做得圆滑、连贯，但做的时候要做得适度。反身动作是一种引导身体旋转的动作，是指身体与舞步形成反向配合，不论是前进或后退身体的另一侧向移动足方向移动，此动作作为左、右轴转步，表现最为突出。这个动作一般在交谊舞中经常运用，注意在向前转动时主要以肩带动，向后转动时主要以胯带动。注意，反身动作并不改变迈步的方向。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna8mkK4Q0mYwQMPFIdG6tZg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":277,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"反身动作","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b6597734317242c9946f051fd0d5d62d","width":370},"text":"","id":"doxcnUAOqe6Qy44w4IF1tWGZcvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（图1、反身动作动图）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGUW6IWAWSmYsQrS9woc0Ff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"口诀要点：左脚前进时，右肩和右胯前送；右脚前进时，左肩和左胯前送；左脚后退时，右肩和右胯后让；右脚后退时，左肩和左胯后让。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny8iyMu2skQweIJvMyUznpd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"倾斜动作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny0yg4ucAEYc2wHZuusXORh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"熟练掌握这一技巧动作，有助于平衡或旋转的舞姿优美。倾斜动作表现为身体由足踝以上向左或向右之倾斜度，倾斜的原则是倾向转圈之内侧，反身动作不可倾斜，但在右脚反身动作进行时，应向右倾斜，左脚反身动作时则向左倾斜。各种旋转，开始都是反身动作，接着参与其中的就是倾斜动作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8mmcW2G4gsoW6erPJgTzNg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"倾斜动作","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c0fdfcfc4d434e80a5f3936c80f26545","width":404},"text":"","id":"doxcngMUSuaiAUOKq2to0YAtO6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"（图2、倾斜动作、移动动作动图）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnugQCs0OiKESA0me8ut6tlc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"摆荡动作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYUcugYckAM68gJ8UEQtRAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这一动作技巧最为关键，只有做好了摆荡，倾斜和升降两个动作才会显得自然完美。摆荡是以身体一侧为轴，用身体的另一侧向前向上做运动的动作。因为摆荡，引起身体的倾斜，又使得身体有了向上的动作，继而有了上升，并且是螺旋式上升。它要求舞者在每次走步时身体和脚步有向上荡起的感觉，有如荡秋千一样从下向上荡起。摆荡技巧适用于除探戈舞以外的其他各舞种，尤其在三步舞中常用到。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWyi2Ka82Uq2ek5aTz8xMgh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"摆荡动作","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e89dd10824284206888aef41e1068c0a","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会非常优美，在圆舞曲伴奏下，两人精彩起舞，则可尽显温馨与浪漫。现在分享一下华尔兹（慢三步）的基本步法教程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkiegC8umSkOOug0qMnWAcf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本姿势","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA4wGyS6ceu0Ws5KxiHuHoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"基本姿势：（一）首先男士伸出左手，四指并拢，拇指形成虎口，请女士上前搭手。（二）当女士搭好手后，男士引导女士向前，女士的左手虎口插在男士的右臂的三角肌上；（三）而男士右手五指并拢，搭在女士的肩胛骨下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm2WeeIieeK8egt9mLKrmSb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":303,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"基本姿势","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/94afccc95fb9408ebeb79148c1c7feee","width":505},"text":"","id":"doxcnw2EosCYEcukiIPapbhfNNe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"女士步法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkSiSugoeywUSMlgOHbZvUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"女士首先右脚后退一步，右脚脚尖着地，接着脚掌着地，同时左脚往后退一步，脚尖着地，再脚掌着地；右脚后退一步，脚尖着地，再脚掌着地。往前时，右脚上一步，从脚尖着地到脚掌着地；再左脚上前，脚尖到脚掌着地。简记：后退时：掌跟—掌—掌跟；前进时：跟掌—掌—掌跟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmomOiaqgksUgg9TGMmKQcg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"女士步法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/15ba343ba0f247dc8e9ce60d31444594","width":659},"text":"","id":"doxcngGqSQAQMsmSqoFw6zLsPhf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"男士步法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn064EQgGq6iQoaWea1Vbf0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"慢三第一拍即重拍步子要大一些，二三拍为弱拍，步子稍作调整。男士首先左脚脚跟着地，右脚往上一步，左脚脚尖着地到脚掌着地，同时右脚踮脚让脚尖着地；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCcE40CiW80EeCQQOvYciGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":302,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"男士步法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c2acad3ab3684e0695a96668f05b88a9","width":552},"text":"","id":"doxcnwi2CgoCeK0MOeQFvPGFWn5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"右脚上一步，脚跟着地，左脚上前一步，脚掌着地；右脚上一步，脚尖着地到脚掌着地。简记：跟掌—掌—掌跟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWg0uUGgM6kuY4V6LwKFBnb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":296,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"男士步法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/884b4ac7050349cdb1961decb22fbc17","width":539},"text":"","id":"doxcnoaYAwKuckC6SaW86rQ9k2f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"步法要领","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnk4Ku8K6WEcoqE9tDSKib1c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"慢三步的运步要领，以下为向前向后运步详解。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyMWAU0IqUgKWgJAqTplgXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"向前运步：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"向前运步时，男士的脚跟，滑着地面向前，后面的脚的脚尖，拖过来，再向前；再用脚跟再滑向前，脚跟拖过来，再滑向前。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6eOEmWm6QMqSy0cBREwH4g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"步法要领","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9dece49574a349398e4b640f061be296","width":648},"text":"","id":"doxcn0kEKM8qSUUw4GAHuzKFJye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"向后运步：","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"向后运步时，脚尖擦着地，找到着地点，脚跟拖回来，找到着地点，脚跟拖回来，动作重复即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngqOUcEOy6ySWgn3bk4YQGg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"步法要领","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/42f8a0756db842488fc4266303793173","width":650},"text":"","id":"doxcnQ8ciKkoucE48ZCtrCt0aBP"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"示范展示","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwEGgEMgE2UaAANxVEzsURc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面为华尔兹（慢三步）前进后退步、左右斜进斜退步示范，初学者可以参考。慢三教程视频可以参考：【华尔兹舞教学视频】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/toHPbrE"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/toHPbrE","id":""}],"text":"","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【交谊舞慢三步教学】 ","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://b23.tv/ZWLV05D"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://b23.tv/ZWLV05D","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUOIcYuyCuUSwEvxm44bfVg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"示范展示","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e0a646ce9948474582bcdc30a10c589c","width":498},"text":"","id":"doxcnCocKOicQ0aCq2lUfEEAYBh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"自学注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwksa86O0KIAWqGutDQkLXb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初学者在自学跳交谊舞时，在学舞过程中容易出现一些小问题，但如果能够重视以下五点，学舞的过程将会顺利很多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKWaqkOQgmY6WYTCMmEhuSb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1、忌急于求成。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"初学的学员容易犯的毛病是只求数量与进度，而不注重动作质量及规范，容易在短时间内学完很多动作及套路，这些不规范的动作及套路无疑如同“虚设”，久而久知习以为常之后，要想改正，十分困难。因此在学习动作时，应循序渐进、反复精雕细刻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKQ8ycAQ4a8QQcf2fhZhkqf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2、忌忽视姿态。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"学员在学习标准舞或拉丁舞时都应该注意姿态美。形态美，舒展挺拔、优雅大方，才会令人赏心悦目。因此在跳舞时始终要保持抬头、挺胸、收腹、立腰、肩放平、膝放松、大腿和臀夹紧上提的姿态。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQSugAYIO0CISI68rs596eb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"3、忌一味求“花”。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"自学时，要避免陷入以“花步多少”衡量舞技高低的误区，一味追求花步数量，认为“花步越多越好”。这样的“花拳绣腿”在真正的比赛中势必经不起裁判观察与观众的欣赏。所以自学最重要的是要打下坚实的基本功，然后针对自己的特点有选择地学习一些花步及套路，才能扬长避短做到“锦上添花”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEeCGsKOA2Qaq8XDOovjdMh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"4、忌忽视音乐。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"学员在开始学时，往往只重视技术动作的学习，缺乏对音乐韵律的表现和认识，学习中常常出现动作与音乐脱节。因此在学体育舞蹈时，要加强音乐修养，深刻体会到舞种特征的诠释，才会把音乐融入到自己的套路中，把音乐和舞蹈发挥得淋漓尽致。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmysyaG0wSk2OEZGiSVg3Dd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"5、忌忽视配合。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"男女舞友在学舞时，尽量都学习了解下男女步。比如男舞友学了女步，这样你对舞蹈就会有一个全面的了解，身体也更加灵活。而女舞友了解后，就知道女步会比男舞友慢半拍，让男舞友推着你走，千万不能走在男舞友的前面，否则跳不出感觉，还可能踩着男舞友的脚。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu2IyOOwIka88mYyfy8Uuzf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"十大要决","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWmwuAU4q6SqeYXOEEl8yse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、高雅的风度来自挺拔的体态","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGEaaU6w2IuOUUN2snO5ZLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、风格的展现显示出美的追求","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAqcsIccWYcmmk5CA5qb0Vb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、默契配合的前提是自我平衡","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqWyWsmye2Uio8FM93S3Ijh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、领舞的最高技巧是运用整个身体","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqeos8OCI08wsyUBimemb5d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、提高音乐修养是使舞步产生迷人魅力的必由之路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMkaq4kkCikS6WaNC3jWUoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、“跃动感”是摆脱“走舞”形态的根本途径","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM4o0mQegqcMgHHn6SRJnmV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、侧身技巧是通向完美流动的桥梁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWOOiaa0MiqEa8zNF1Ehefh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、理想的升降必须消灭阶梯型过渡","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEsu642YsSSUEQXad8C7jdc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、倾斜是一种多功能的技巧手段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUCSuwMMK4ocGUhQt8ldK4d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、重心转移技术是“不露痕迹”","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngYU2CIEYmCKu0OIYrRzTCc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"需重视的问题","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUiE06iuAywKaaGYP2f13eb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"学会保持放松","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEgOAgu0WQ2kKWCCPJWy2wf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"所谓放松，是在具备训练有素的肌肉能力的提题政，向更高层次的发展和提高，使整个形体具有一种“在放松的状态下用力、在用力的同时还要保持放松”的能力。这样才能在张弛有度的轻重缓急之中，施展出形体空间节奏的魅力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaCOsSikiWkI0wTBcmmbxge"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重视腰部训练","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniSiYuM68S6qsgJet5PpU0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"腰部要注意柔韧、力量、及腰部肌肉感觉的灵活的训练。要重视分析不同状态下动作的“动机”和内在感觉，在反复的比较鉴别中，找到自己神经系统中的“座标”，从而使腰部众多肌肉群，能够随心所欲地听从调遣。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGAk02QkEIGEkCFmfycF84Y"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"重视理论基础","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQSIqqGsUe2O84kLz7ynIJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"很多人认为学习交谊舞很简单，只要看看视频就能上手，其实如果没有掌握正确的理论知识和学习方法，那么则不仅会学不到位，有时还很容易造成身体的伤害，所以要重视理论基础。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKGyQ6yEYQK6mkTGfER4kze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuGQG02QueAoAAZOz4LsXBb"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

2. zw63真空断路器

ZN63型真空断路器，ZN的N代表是户内的意思，ZW的W代表是户外的意思。

3. 真空断路器zw7

常见户外断路器型号:ZW7-40.5、zw17-40.5、ZW8-12、ZW32-12、ZW32M-12、ZW6、ZW32-24、ZW20-12F、 ZW10-12、ZW43-12。

其中字母Z代表真空的意思，字母W代表室外或户外的意思。

后面的数字都是设计序列号

4. ZW真空断路器

断路器常见型号 ZW20-12F/630(1000、1250)-20（25）

ZW20A-12/630(1000、1250)-20（25）

ZW20AF-12/630(1000、1250)-20（25）

ZW20B-12/630(1000、1250)-20（25） ZW:户外真空断路器；

20：设计序号；12：额定电压；F:智能分界；630(1000、1250)：为额定电流；20（25）：额定短路开断电流。也有直接写成ZW20-12/630-20的情况。

5. zw68一体化柱上断路器

柱上断路器包括很多。10KV老型的有：ZW1已被市场淘汰ZW6，ZW10,ZW27,ZW12很少的几个省份在用,ZW8已慢慢退出市场。

现在有ZW32，ZW43(ZW32小型化),ZW38（ZW32小型化，旭力电气型号），ZW20,XLZW89(ZW20小型化，旭力电气型号),FZW28等还有些就是智能型也是从普通的型号演变出来的。

35KV的有ZW7,ZW49,XLZW29-35（35KV柱上ZW32小型化，旭力电气型号）

6. zw68真空断路器专利

自从2017年人社部取消了心理咨询师证书的考试后，心理咨询师证书就由第三方机构颁发了。第三方机构颁发的证书不分等级，都是培训证书，所以现在的心理咨询师证书只有一种心理咨询师基础培训合格证书。

考试详情

现在市面上颁发的心理咨询师证书只有一种培训证书，所以要说大的种类也就一种了。不过这个证书有很多个发证单位，常见的发证单位是中国科学院心理研究所（如图）、中国国家人事人才培训网，其他的一些发证单位还有中国心理学会、中国心理卫生协会等等。根据自己的需求选择适合自己的报考单位证书，不同单位的报考条件也是不一样的。

含金量排名为：中国国家人事人才培训网-中国科学院心理研究所-中国心理学会、中国心理卫生协会-全国职业人才认证管理中心-ACI等国际心理咨询师证书。

中国心理学会和中国心理卫生协会是中国科学院心理研究所的挂靠单位，证书是正规的，但相关的权威性和认可度不及前面的两个证书。

报考条件

目前含金量最高和社会认可度最高的证书。就是中科院心理所的心理咨询师证书。报考条件如下:

1）具有国家承认的大专以上学历；

2） 具有心理学、医学、教育学初级以上职称；

3）大专或本科毕业前一年的在校学生，具有学生证或可出具在校证明。

报考时间

心理咨询师考试报名时间在每年的3月份和9月份，每年的考试报名时间略有不同，具体的考试时间、考试地点是由各地的主考部门确定。

2022年心理咨询师上半年考试报名开始时间为3月21号，考试报名截止时间为4月21号。

2022年下半年心理咨询师基础培训考试安排还没有通知，根据2022年“中科院心理所”官网发布的上半年考试安排来看，下半年心理咨询师考试报名时间预计会安排在9月19号至10月19号。

考试时间

心理咨询师每年只有两次考试机会，分别是在五月份和十一月份第三个休息日参加考试，考试时间是在上午九点到十一点半，共2.5小时。

科目介绍

考试形式介绍

从2021年开始进行线上机考。（疫情期间只有笔试没有面试）

注意：报名前需提前修满课时要求和单元作业成绩要求。九科作业作业成绩各科均达到70分方可报考考试。每科提交请不要超过三次。单元作业成绩仅作为综合考试前提，不计入综合考试成绩。

题型和分值

综合考试题量：单选题共250题，每题0.3分，共计75分；多选题共50题，每题0.5分，共计25分。

合格标准

三百道选择题，在规定的时间内完成所有的试题并且分数达到六十分通过考试，如果第一次考试未通过，3年内可重考，重考费100。

证书领取

通过考试后45天之内会颁发对应的证书。一般是机构邮寄到家。

备考方法

备考资料

备考书籍及其选择

推荐这8本书籍，是一个职业心理咨询师必须掌握的心理学基础理论，打好基本功，是入门需要做的第一步。

《西方心理学历史与体系》（推荐叶浩生主编版本）

《中国心理学史》（推荐燕国材主编版本）

《中国文化心理学》（汪凤炎主编）

《人格心理学》

《社会心理学》

《发展心理学》（林崇德主编）

《变态心理学》（钱铭怡主编）

《心理咨询与治疗》

习题及其选择

一般情况报名机构会提供每一章的习题测试。

也可以去官网去查看作业。（机构习题是跟其相对应的。但是官网报名前只能提交三次，且达到70分才报名成功。）官网：https://jcpx.psych.ac.cn/

网课及其选择

2022年度心理咨询师基础培训项目合作机构名录

https://jcpx.psych.ac.cn/iip/ArticleView/?GUID=0307E92A-7EF1-42C6-9747-0BE68DDDAA27

可以从这里了解报名机构获得相应网课。

APP及其选择

APP基本上也就是跟报名机构对应。包括上面的书籍、习题、网课都可以参考以下。

机构太多，知乎销售太多，大V太多，观点太多了，为了引起关注度，有的答主什么话都讲。

讲真，刚开始我也是丈二的和尚摸不着头脑，后来看到中科院的授权名单300多个都有授权。现在这些招生的、是为了业绩真的是不择手段,各说各家证书好，还有的为了自己的业绩误导证书含金量。不要看官网，官网以及招生简章的价位都不是实际报价，其次这些都是自己写的，官网花钱就可以做出来。

第一，上企查查搜成立时间5年以上的

第二，企查查搜公司刚注册的营业范围有心理咨询服务和心理教育培训这两个选项的。我也上企查查查过很多机构，90%的教育机构都没有心理咨询服务和心理教育培训这两项经营范围。因为这个学习的话，前期都是理论知识，4--5个月的时间，学不了太多东西的，最重要的是学完之后实践，所以有这两项咨询服务，可以保证在全国有上百家线上平台兼职，你后期实践有保障（不要看他们的官网和海报这个都是自己做的，花钱都可以搞出来）。

第三，其次的话呢，就是了解直播课程有效期几年，我也了解过，很多机构直播课，基本上有效期就一年，也有的机构课程直播有效3年的，因为前期修课时75节就可以考试了，那么短的时间是学不了太多东西的，我都已经考完快一年了，但是每周一，三，五有课，老师也会通知我，我还在学，毕竟我们学这个，都是为了真正的学习提升，不是为了单纯的考证，也有的机构APP上的录播课程，终身免费学习的，也可以下载，这样避免了我们很多时候网络信号不好影响学习。

第四，同等价位对比课时，有的机构100多节课也卖4000多。有200多节课的，价位都不一样，所以比较性价比。

第五，有没有二次收费和兼职服务，前期都是理论知识，最重要的是拿到证书后的实践，如果机构没有这个服务，你是全职从业的话，那么后期你的就业还要花费很对费用，找平台，练习接单，找督导，跟师傅。

第六，一定要找线上线下相结合的这种 有证书只是理论落不了地，需要实操和实践，线下模拟，沙龙活动各种实操巩固。

备考计划

参与心理咨询师考试大多为在职考生，时间与精力有限，面对繁多的考试重点难免会力不从心。因此一份张弛有度的复习计划在心理咨询师考前起着至关重要的作用。

1.制定明确目标和一个精细化的学习计划表

例如，心理咨询师的合格线各为60分，你把自己的目标定到70分，80分甚至更高。只有一个比较高的目标，才能促使你前进，有压力才有动力。

2.刷题：高频考点复习+易错易混考点详解+考前绝密资料

没有心理学基础的朋友，可以跟着培训机构的复习课程，认真备考。浓缩的考点知识点，学习起来轻松明确，远程有比较详细的串讲。

串讲和教材一起过了一遍以后，周末时间立即做真题，在真题里加深对知识的印象。

明晰考点，更明白知识点与知识点之间的细微区别，为多选题的作答做好准备，整理错题，很重要！

3.组队考试相互督促、相互鼓励

可以和培训班的同学或是身边的朋友一起结伴同行，互相督促，每周至少互相提醒两次最近有没有学习，有没有遇到困惑的题，拿出来大家一起讨论分享！或许，本来几个人一开始都不明白，但你一言我一语讨论着就碰出火花来了，最后皆大欢喜，大家都彻底明白了，离考试通过也又近了一步。

刷题技巧

1.熟知考试要求和真题难度

读懂书上的内容，特别是要点内容。对照(部分)真题，查找自己在学习方法方面的偏差;

“单次复盘(真题)”或“多次(真题)复盘”及其同类对比，总结出频率或借鉴别人的总结，达到明确常规和轮番重点的效果。

在尽可能明确重点的基础上，反复阅读频度高的范围，并在周围去找出除他之外的第二重点。做好各种练习和反复记忆。注意关键词的作用。

2.刷真题

做题是非常必要的一步。只有在前期刷过几次真题，到考前你才能在规定时间内模拟考试（卡时间练习），发现自己的不足及时改进！

遇到错题，切不可绕过，万变不离其宗，回到教材去找原文进行再次理解！错题一定要摘出来，反复看，反复记！和我们上学时的任何考试一样，无非就是做题、错题集、真题集。

但是面对错题，好的心态也至关重要。每多积累一道错题，你就又多掌握一个得分点，离通过又近了一步。

3.考前模拟

在考前十五天中科院心理所会组织线上的设备调试和开始进行模拟试题的演练，包括心理咨询师考试历年真题里包含的各年份的考试重点，对于未曾出现过的重点进行强化记忆，以应变今年考题的出其不意。

希望大家都能早日上岸，收获最终想要的人生！

%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"自从2017年人社部取消了心理咨询师证书的考试后，心理咨询师证书就由第三方机构颁发了。第三方机构颁发的证书不分等级，都是培训证书，所以现在的心理咨询师证书只有一种心理咨询师基础培训合格证书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnRES73dui6p0z4g1YRGFWtp"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考试详情","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OwwmdU2cOo6YcSxQl7RcTVgenMd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":566,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"考试详情","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/01b8b9b764c446bbbaf3dc574dc01639","width":800},"text":"","id":"doxcnqE12XZemw36W6uXEKSBQrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"现在市面上颁发的心理咨询师证书只有一种培训证书，所以要说大的种类也就一种了。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"不过这个证书有很多个发证单位，常见的发证单位是中国科学院心理研究所（如图）、中国国家人事人才培训网，其他的一些发证单位还有中国心理学会、中国心理卫生协会等等。根据自己的需求选择适合自己的报考单位证书，不同单位的报考条件也是不一样的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmTCIHYGJ9ZDjN7Znfk1cPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"含金量","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"排名","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"为：中国国家人事人才培训网-中国科学院心理研究所-中国心理学会、中国心理卫生协会-全国职业人才认证管理中心-ACI等国际心理咨询师证书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKbJl2GrvBFUCmwCVyZo5rg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中国心理学会和中国心理卫生协会是中国科学院心理研究所的挂靠单位，证书是正规的，但相关的权威性和认可度不及前面的两个证书。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnzpdlPJNpgABss9h0tPpOGe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"报考条件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfxHlxnp99VxVV4CxQvLQbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"目前含金量最高和社会认可度最高的证书。就是中科院心理所的心理咨询师证书。报考条件如下:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUsIW81B70gecri4cR2QPEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1）具有国家承认的大专以上学历；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8FJm3jfnL3lEp7rSopJs1c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2） 具有心理学、医学、教育学初级以上职称；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnHHyVpihVCM1oPLb4D8XOOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3）大专或本科毕业前一年的在校学生，具有学生证或可出具在校证明。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIDz19HViN9h5lGiQd6sv5e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"报考时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxvE6uU21JI52sTX04doMDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"心理咨询师考试报名时间在每年的3月份和9月份，每年的考试报名时间略有不同，具体的考试时间、考试地点是由各地的主考部门确定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn377AdjVT2w6YPnGwdbftFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2022年心理咨询师上半年考试报名开始时间为3月21号，考试报名截止时间为4月21号。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncG9Wq87Z0AHanK9PBkuxWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2022年下半年心理咨询师基础培训考试安排还没有通知，根据2022年“中科院心理所”官网发布的上半年考试安排来看，下半年心理咨询师考试报名时间预计会安排在9月19号至10月19号。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnlU59kYOEtBRnesYQIBmZIe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考试时间","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSVNoOiRdblisZwM0VYQWrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"心理咨询师每年只有两次考试机会，分别是在五月份和十一月份第三个休息日参加考试，考试时间是在上午九点到十一点半，共2.5小时。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn5hWxtaYUx2PHIXPrWCZcP8"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"科目介绍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnbziA33R7ZVvpXlQlvmJCle"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":379,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"科目介绍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4a05e1de9b064d9d905e66cd39241d11","width":554},"text":"","id":"doxcnhgpokLahJ2wcmfebz1Fn1g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"考试形式介绍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2l8a0bqWPMFy7MaBbjYHev"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从2021年开始进行线上机考。（疫情期间只有笔试没有面试）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng7h86aUh45F6m3ZK0S6j5K"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意：报名前需提前修满课时要求和单元作业成绩要求。九科作业作业成绩各科均达到70分方可报考考试。每科提交请不要超过三次。单元作业成绩仅作为综合考试前提，不计入综合考试成绩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqDv2ekSiAAaHp7JHe4ANvf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"题型和分值","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwVZW4OgN2Jrd8NargiawVt"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"综合考试题量：单选题共250题，每题0.3分，共计75分；多选题共50题，每题0.5分，共计25分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoxslrObI3RGPoToDGeV71f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"合格标准","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmXEEu7HqvRHwW3KJvH40wh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三百道选择题，在规定的时间内完成所有的试题并且分数达到六十分通过考试，如果第一次考试未通过，3年内可重考，重考费100。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnErAZ7eQjgx7lI0cUHWSKZf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"证书领取","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnLxPOuTV8pBJJX5ePpSSOtc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通过考试后45天之内会颁发对应的证书。一般是机构邮寄到家。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniecqQfw21zyqoYVrP36UWf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"备考方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnn7RwYgTm4kSmFJ0S7mkHfb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"备考资料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmFYVFMnBZzJDjinwMLz8Ch"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"备考书籍及其选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnJSYuoezaejpo4lgwn3C5pb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"推荐这8本书籍，是一个职业心理咨询师必须掌握的心理学基础理论，打好基本功，是入门需要做的第一步。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSiblDiW6kwvi7WW1MA4xch"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《西方心理学历史与体系》（推荐叶浩生主编版本）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKs4frMiRfFkdDZUNdke2fd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《中国心理学史》（推荐燕国材主编版本）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn02QFPgmpCjECNXLCDhFrHd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《中国文化心理学》（汪凤炎主编）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfKeoAG54kjaZpdgchYtRBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《人格心理学》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnrOKvVDbYdKVxQShP91KvDn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《社会心理学》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnZrM4HrjnFCcvpOMp6JCMnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《发展心理学》（林崇德主编）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0VPTGKtfSWdjZyYRigb0Yc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《变态心理学》（钱铭怡主编）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnXXQ8NL9TH4Z0AMYjOLWwmh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《心理咨询与治疗》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwn9bDoTphtXVWqsRl9e4Wh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"习题及其选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGhYShQerIGHVA0mZOCQm2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般情况报名机构会提供","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"每","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"一章的习题测试。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnjeQInhdSFrij5ietf6i4wh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"也可以去官网去查看作业。（机构习题是跟其相对应的。但是官网报名前只能提交三次，且达到70分才报名成功。）官网：https://jcpx.psych.ac.cn/","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnNSAYrRdksmrm4vzEhl3CAf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":537,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"习题及其选择","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ca346ce212b24146b56fb5efa828f46b","width":720},"text":"","id":"doxcn6mDQLzF0Bzj2BI4Bpc59ub"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"网课及其选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnA2q8G4YoJjN9DYpIOMcBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2022年度心理咨询师基础培训项目合作机构名录","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnxBRkCzqvJtk7KuXzvFJFKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://jcpx.psych.ac.cn/iip/ArticleView/?GUID=0307E92A-7EF1-42C6-9747-0BE68DDDAA27"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://jcpx.psych.ac.cn/iip/ArticleView/?GUID=0307E92A-7EF1-42C6-9747-0BE68DDDAA27","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfKzifCMUIlORtXVKv0Toog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以从这里了解报名机构获得相应网课。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmTHLHAoYDGC0dM6EP7FDNg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"APP及其选择","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneISRc6n3FeCDeFAFjvfSXA"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"APP基本上也就是跟报名机构对应。包括上面的书籍、习题、网课都可以参考以下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnL7k3uzFU3hJZUGUHIffGsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"机构太多，知乎销售太多，大V太多，观点太多了，为了引起关注度，有的答主什么话都讲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBCNxdKZIFerqnoNXNN0d3d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"讲真，刚开始我也是丈二的和尚摸不着头脑，后来看到中科院的授权名单300多个都有授权。现在这些招生的、是为了业绩真的是不择手段","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"各说各家证书好，还有的为了自己的业绩误导证书含金量。不要看官网，官网以及招生简章的价位都不是实际报价，其次这些都是自己写的，官网花钱就可以做出来。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnRky9OsNtkCSW9oS8zOSSUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第一，上企查查搜成立时间5年以上的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmROQdWBmIzMAfarNrImHqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第二，企查查搜公司刚注册的营业范围有心理咨询服务和心理教育培训这两个选项的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。我也上企查查查过很多机构，90%的教育机构都没有心理咨询服务和心理教育培训这两项经营范围。因为这个学习的话，前期都是理论知识，4--5个月的时间，学不了太多东西的，最重要的是学完之后实践，所以有这两项咨询服务，可以保证在全国有上百家线上平台兼职，你后期实践有保障（不要看他们的官网和海报这个都是自己做的，花钱都可以搞出来）。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY97t25BtcUR03Uh7OnQ9pe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第三，","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"其次的话呢，","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"就是了解直播课程有效期几年","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，我也了解过，很多机构直播课，基本上有效期就一年，也有的机构课程直播有效3年的，因为前期修课时75节就可以考试了，那么短的时间是学不了太多东西的，我都已经考完快一年了，但是每周一，三，五有课，老师也会通知我，我还在学，毕竟我们学这个，都是为了真正的学习提升，不是为了单纯的考证，也有的机构APP上的录播课程，终身免费学习的，也可以下载，这样避免了我们很多时候网络信号不好影响学习。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBtlHarGoiFmybfKRd8JZQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第四，同等价位对比课时","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，有的机构100多节课也卖4000多。有200多节课的，价位都不一样，所以比较性价比。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnF5iFJnhoCsOZucU2h4fXbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第五，有没有二次收费和兼职服务","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，前期都是理论知识，最重要的是拿到证书后的实践，如果机构没有这个服务，你是全职从业的话，那么后期你的就业还要花费很对费用，找平台，练习接单，找督导，跟师傅。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWy0kmUd84Xv6BFeCa46Jmd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"第六，一定要找线上线下相结合的这种","id":""},{"type":"text","text":" 有证书只是理论落不了地，需要实操和实践，线下模拟，沙龙活动各种实操巩固。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnykdR2vO8mRGDvdbpn48XiR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"备考计划","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnPv3KkGErn3PDoEWNz0DEPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"参与心理咨询师考试大多为在职考生，时间与精力有限，面对繁多的考试重点难免会力不从心。因此一份张弛有度的复习计划在心理咨询师考前起着至关重要的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmjMQKEP4yA07C3Q1FKk74f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"制定明确目标和一个精细化的学习计划表","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncejc4bJCvs8qPYnr2RT0ad"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"例如，心理咨询师的合格线各为60分，你把自己的目标定到70分，80分甚至更高。只有一个比较高的目标，才能促使你前进，有压力才有动力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnloruxxBirEd5kx0w8g2S6f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"刷题：高频考点复习+易错易混考点详解+考前绝密资料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnJnBNRtLgVk5FJQDFVmpCDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"没有心理学基础的朋友，可以跟着培训机构的复习课程，认真备考。浓缩的考点知识点，学习起来轻松明确，远程有比较详细的串讲。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsqCd2sgRhNJ46Xhs8IfKec"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"串讲和教材一起过了一遍以后，周末时间立即做真题，在真题里加深对知识的印象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn9pqa29GZUuXugcTQcANitg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"明晰考点，更明白知识点与知识点之间的细微区别，为多选题的作答做好准备，整理错题，很重要！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnh1dWacwre3CaAFhxjFjzqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"组队考试相互督促、相互鼓励","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnRzl87LewFrQg5ToUJjqybd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以和培训班的同学或是身边的朋友一起结伴同行，互相督促，每周至少互相提醒两次最近有没有学习，有没有遇到困惑的题，拿出来大家一起讨论分享！或许，本来几个人一开始都不明白，但你一言我一语讨论着就碰出火花来了，最后皆大欢喜，大家都彻底明白了，离考试通过也又近了一步。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUkfwq0TjVfTsJX4joDng4e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"刷题技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnrSP04YCFUOxJzvAzkGMy6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"熟知考试要求和真题难度","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIZeredtwOsBxQfJYEKuYof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"读懂书上的内容，特别是要点内容。对照(部分)真题，查找自己在学习方法方面的偏差;","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnHiOzvIutMpENMtiYfADszg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"“单次复盘(真题)”或“多次(真题)复盘”及其同类对比，总结出频率或借鉴别人的总结，达到明确常规和轮番重点的效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnRMtFgxvvTbYtftAyr9mTFd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在尽可能明确重点的基础上，反复阅读频度高的范围，并在周围去找出除他之外的第二重点。做好各种练习和反复记忆。注意关键词的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno5WLSotFfN7bFmQSGuNW4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"刷真题","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2goDoJiWrEFo8fwVwd5eNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做题是非常必要的一步。只有在前期刷过几次真题，到考前你才能在规定时间内模拟考试（卡时间练习），发现自己的不足及时改进！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnBB8reRQhQCbq0dJWdx1goe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"遇到错题，切不可绕过，万变不离其宗，回到教材去找原文进行再次理解！错题一定要摘出来，反复看，反复记！和我们上学时的任何考试一样，无非就是做题、错题集、真题集。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0UNn9dZGRFCxpASN9250Ue"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"但是面对错题，好的心态也至关重要。每多积累一道错题，你就又多掌握一个得分点，离通过又近了一步。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcntFfuoiOkfBbqYpQKyhpOQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3.","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"考前模拟","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn14UhPcu0YGXiRxHvijnmBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在考前十五天中科院心理所会组织线上的设备调试和开始进行模拟试题的演练，包括心理咨询师考试历年真题里包含的各年份的考试重点，对于未曾出现过的重点进行强化记忆，以应变今年考题的出其不意。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnh7Enq28UXcUGTF6r8ovZ7g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmReevguv6S04POJHsjLlGb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"希望大家都能早日上岸，收获最终想要的人生！","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngs4Oaidfka4Jdh8YigHsIb"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E

7. zw68内置隔离真空断路器

Adobe Premiere是Adobe家族的一款剪辑软件，它给我的感觉就是入门快、功能强大，无论是对于新手还是专业人士，PR在大部分情况下都是很友好的。

认识PR

Pr全称Adobe Premiere，是Adobe公司开发的一款视频剪辑&编辑软件。主要用于视频采集、视频剪辑、调色、添加字幕、编辑音频、渲染输出。

Premiere提供了采集、剪辑、调色、美化音频、字幕添加、输出、DVD刻录的一整套流程，并和其他Adobe软件高效集成，使用户足以完成在编辑、制作、工作流上遇到的所有挑战，满足用户创建高质量作品的要求。

下载PR软件

Adobe官网下载

进入Adobe官网进行下载https://www.adobe.com/cn/products/premiere.html

其他网页下载

1、打开浏览器今日头条搜索3D溜溜网，进入官网

2、打开浏览器百度搜索3D溜溜网，进入官网，点击上面【···】三个点之后选择【软件插件】里的【羽兔网软件下载】

3、选择【常用软件】里的【视频制作】

4、向下滑，在下面找到PR2018版本的进行【软件下载】，里面还有其他版本，这里选择的是适配win7的。

PR窗口介绍

Premiere软件由菜单栏、常用工具栏、时间轴、侧边面板栏（组件窗口）组成。主工作区有素材（项目）管理窗口、素材预览窗口、视频监视器窗口、时间轴窗口、调音台窗口、调色窗口等。

菜单栏

菜单栏可以说是整个软件的功能导图，为软件中大多数功能提供了菜单入口，例如PR软件中的绝大多数功能在对应的菜单栏中都可以找到。

功能窗口切换区域:(组件、编辑、颜色、效果、音频、字幕、库......)

功能窗口切换区域是软件为剪辑、调色、音频、字幕等不同功能定义的界面布局方案。点击对应的功能，软件会自动切换到使用该功能时的界面布局。

源素材预览窗口

源窗口主要是为项目面板中素材(视频、音频、图片)提供实时预览，双击项目面板中的素材即可在源窗口中进行播放预览。

节目监视窗口

节目窗口主要用于监视时间线上剪辑的画面，可以实时播放。

项目面板

项目面板主要是用于项目及素材的管理，我们导入到软件中的素材及新建的序列、字幕等素材全部都存放在项目面板中。

时间线窗口

时间线窗口可以简单理解为剪辑工作台，我们对素材的剪辑工作全部都是在时间线面板中操作完成。时间线窗口又可分为视频轨道和音频轨道。

工具栏

工具栏集合了所有视频剪辑工具，当然有一些是辅助剪辑工具。

选择工具（快捷键：V）

顾名思义，它的作用就是用来选择东西的，不过在有的时候它也会变为其它的形状，作用也随之改变。

向前选择轨道工具（快捷键：A）

使用此工具可以选择该轨道上以后的所有素材，视音频链接在一起的则音频同时也被选中；按住Shift键可以变为多轨道选择工具，此时单头变为双头，即使是单独的声音（比如音效、音乐等）也会被同时选中。

波纹编辑工具（快捷键：B）

使用此工具可以改变一段素材的入点和出点，这段素材后面的会自动吸附上去，总长度发生改变。

剃刀工具（快捷键：C）

pr中导入素材之后，利用剃刀工具切割开视频，视频就分开为多段了，可以分别剪辑切割后的每一段视频，包括删除、添加效果等。

外滑工具（快捷键：U）

作用于一段素材，用来同时改变此段素材的入点和出点。

钢笔工具（快捷键：P）

这个工具和字幕中的钢笔工具是一样，主要用来绘制形状。选中此工具，在需要的位置点击一下确定起点，直接点其它位置可以绘制直线，而在点第二个点的同时按住鼠标不放并进行拖拽可以绘制曲线；它还有一个作用就是进行关键帧的选择。

手形工具（快捷键：H）

点击鼠标左键，在时间轴上拖动，移动时间轴上显示素材的位置。当程序监视器放大时。拖放程序监视器中的可移动显示区域以观察细节。

文字工具（快捷键：T）

文字工具即在画面中输入我们想要的文字。

效果面板

效果面板集合了很多视频和音频效果控件，对视频或者音频添加模糊及转场等效果时，需要在效果面板中找到对应的效果控件然后添加到时间线上的剪辑。

效果控件面板

效果控件面板是对已经添加到素材上的效果进行参数调节的窗口。

音轨混合器窗口

对音频进行声道和音量调节的窗口，当然也可以通过这个窗口进行现场录音。

PR剪辑教程

创建项目

首先新建项目，暂存盘里的地址栏跟项目一样就可以。

新建序列

新建序列，选择1080p25，点击确定，就建立了一个时间线。

一般的剪辑软件里边都有现成的预设，只要知道这个尺寸就行，高清格式选择1080P或者720P都行。

导入素材

在项目列表双击，找到我们的素材，按住shift一块儿导入，导入之后可以对素材进行分类，让我们可以看的更仔细一些。（养成一个好的分类习惯，有助于提高我们工程的有趣性和效率，以后打包工程的整理都非常的有好处）。

拖入时间线

素材分类好之后，把视频音频素材按住shift一起都拖拽到时间线里。

设置比例

发现视频素材的大小不一，我们调整视频整体比例大小。找到信息，看见比例为640*360，在我们新建的时候不是这个比例，我们在序列里进行更改设置为640*360，这样时间线就跟我们相匹配了。

编辑视频

导入素材之后，我们开始对视频进行剪辑。

添加效果

添加效果，让视频看起来更流畅。

添加字幕

添加结尾字幕。

导出

剪辑完成，导出成品。

PR导出格式一般用MOV、mp4、AVI等等。PR输出视频的时候，要求不一样，输出的格式的就不一样。因为没有统一的标准，要根据需求和目的才能定什么是合适的。

1、如果想输出文件后继续进行编辑，一般推荐输出MOV。

2、如果输出文件后直接就要观看，或传到视频网站。推荐输出H.264，即mp4。

3、如果输出文件给电视台标清播出，就输出AVI格式。

成品

下面这张是成品

这里用的是PR2018版本

PR基础快捷键

1、按i可以设置入点，O可以设置出点。

2、Shift+delete键可以删除视频同时，把视频之间的间隙去掉；Ctrl+Z撤销。

3、向前选择轨道工具（A）和链接选择项的结合使用可以删除选择点后面的视频和音频

4、向前选择轨道工具（A）和取消链接选择项的结合使用按shift键可单独删除视频，保留音频。

5、按Q键可删除剪辑的开始，按W键可删除剪辑的结尾，但是它们会从每个音轨中删除内容，如果有多层音轨，这个快捷键就不适用，可以通过锁定音频轨道来避免音频被删除。

6、按光标键→，按一下前进一帧，按Shift键+光标键，一下会前进5帧。

7、alt+拖动素材=复制

常用的快捷键如下：

注：如果自己不适应默认的快捷键可以在PR界面快捷键设置修改，步骤如下：

打开快捷键界面有两种方法：第一种方法，打开PR后，在菜单栏找到编辑选项下的快捷键菜单，单击后就会弹出设置界面。第二种方法，打开PR后，我们直接使用快捷键Ctrl+Alt+K后，也会弹出设置界面。

打开快捷键界面后在搜索框里我们直接输入想要添加的快捷键功能，然后在空白处单击鼠标，就会产生一个框，按下要设置的快捷键，最后点击确定保存设置，这样就快捷键就设置好了。

PR视频特效

添加滤镜

首先就是滤镜的位置是在左下角的【效果】选项里面，如下图箭头指向所示：

里面的滤镜很多，可以选择自己喜欢的滤镜进行使用，如下图箭头指向所示：

然后，我们直接将滤镜拖拽到素材身上就可以进行使用了，如下图箭头指向所示：

调整滤镜的内部可调节参数，素材的效果就能实时预览。点击前面的【FX】可以进行滤镜效果的开启以及关闭，如下图箭头指向所示：

效果里面，除了视频滤镜，还有音频滤镜以及各种转场可用，如下图箭头指向所示：

添加字幕

在工具栏，点击文字工具；

使用文字工具点击视频，在文字框中输入字幕，就添加字幕成功了。

视频的删减

导入完素材之后我们将素材拖到右边，便能对视频素材进行编辑了（点击播放按钮可预览）。接下来我们讲一下视频内容的删减。

比如说：我们觉得某一段内容不好，想把它删掉，那么该怎么办呢？在PR中我们有两种方法：

1、选择左侧工具栏的刻刀工具，在想要删去内容的两头进行点击，然后即可将商品分割成三段，可从中选择自己不想要的内容；

2、直接从末尾拖动即可（只能对开头或末尾内容进行删减）。

视频的倍速播放

视频的倍速播放在PR中很容易就能实现了：右键-速度/持续时间。选择速度（百分比，如200%就是两倍速） ，点击【倒放速度】就能倒放了。

音乐淡出效果

添加音乐的方法和添加视频的方法一样，导入以后拖动到右边就可以了。删减运用上述方法也是可以完成的。

音乐淡出的效果：

添加完音频后，拉开轨道，点击左下的小按钮，选择：轨道关键帧-音量；

选择：添加-移除关键帧按钮，在想要淡入、淡出的地方添加关键帧，即可对音量进行修改，完成淡入、淡出的效果；

如果你是第一次使用PR并且佩戴耳机的话，要到PR的【编辑】-【首选项】-【音频硬件】里的【默认输出】修改输出设备为：耳机。

音效增益

打开PR软件，将音频导入进去，拖到右下方的【时间轴】操作区；

右击鼠标，点击音轨，在出现的选项中点击【音频增益】；

在【音频增益】页面，选择【将增益设置为】；

输入合适的音频值，负数表示减少，完成后点击【确定】。

视频转场

首先打开电脑上的PR，打开项目文件后，选择右侧的【效果】面板，效果面板中有音频效果、音频过渡，视频效果、视频过渡；

鼠标点开【视频过渡】，其中有7类转场特效，我们这里点击进入【溶解】，选择【溶解】下的【交叉溶解】；

选择【交叉溶解】拖动到视频上，可以看到我们可以将转场放置到视频末尾，视频开头或两段视频中间，这里选择【视频中间】；

插入完成后我们双击此转场，进入【设置过渡持续时间】，拖动蓝色字体即可增加或减少时间。

成品：

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Premiere，是Adobe公司开发的一款视频剪辑\u0026编辑软件。主要用于视频采集、视频剪辑、调色、添加字幕、编辑音频、渲染输出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnfu2kKYWNcR9F9gXR89OfKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Premiere提供了采集、剪辑、调色、美化音频、字幕添加、输出、DVD刻录的一整套流程，并和其他Adobe软件高效集成，使用户足以完成在编辑、制作、工作流上遇到的所有挑战，满足用户创建高质量作品的要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGdxJRqeFSHIHkd0wQ1OdRh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"下载","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"软件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCA761mSEd5B7vAyPMd0VGf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"Adobe官网下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnzSSrQuvfKbJ7l1wKI5bu3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"进入","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"Adobe官网","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"进行下载","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.adobe.com/cn/products/premiere.html"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.adobe.com/cn/products/premiere.html","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwti8cvwC1haSG5SXQBwwRh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":633,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"Adobe官网下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9d270852cfd3458b936ab90537b1e349","width":1322},"text":"","id":"doxcnQe0om8qMyUuEwVGHMH7Iyg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ21XJ1g4bvctZoIXy7ejee"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、打开浏览器","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"今日头条","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"搜索","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"3D溜溜网","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，进入官网","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnXaYcJyllKSUOisUga7XDwg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d8be2af01bec4bb69f3acbc8ce99408a","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnzI3dVQG57bgdfaQUMA04jQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"打开浏览器百度搜索3D溜溜网，进入官网，点击上面【","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"···","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"】三个点之后选择【软件插件】里的【羽兔网软件下载】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIVPCifz0IRzsBqiEjOfiIf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/85faafd7f05746b0a6d9cce1d7834247","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnqZpvG9QFK35bzCrca5Dv2I"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、选择【常用软件】里的【视频制作】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnzRohoZnbSkxA1A8Zk8b27e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3373a35746ef45e1b0b226a760f4c9be","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn2OVEbs5EMbBygZUOujtPLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"向下滑，在下面找到","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"2018版本的进行【软件下载】，里面还有其他版本，这里选择的是适配win7的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCtQ1MsKtZgOu5E1P57TWNb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":542,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"其他网页下载","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6983044869594773849c3ce504786e5e","width":884},"text":"","id":"doxcn4us8I4k0Sm8SgPZJfjoJKc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR窗口介绍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn96P6ooUhkBHVMi4KpcrGbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Premiere软件由菜单栏、常用工具栏、时间轴、侧边面板栏（组件窗口）组成。主工作区有素材（项目）管理窗口、素材预览窗口、视频监视器窗口、时间轴窗口、调音台窗口、调色窗口等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCxCHkBbfrsDYRvzLAYfj3f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1017,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR窗口介绍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/49745c347e82408589764ba9940e85d8","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnPfVPkaL8cXxoC9iyybhMvg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜单栏","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnjGGp8htd1KmYO4wrdQHtHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜单栏可以说是整个软件的功能导图，为软件中大多数功能提供了菜单入口，例如","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"软件","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"中的绝大多数功能在对应的菜单栏中都可以找到。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngvQ04rFV59VIcbpf84JoDg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜单栏","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62dc8dd4d8684ae5b33be7f1e4dea03c","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn9E6osoDW58yS9TGvBUA2de"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"功能窗口切换区域:(组件、编辑、颜色、效果、音频、字幕、库......)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnFy98LpdkaloJb0N5Zu5dRe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"功能窗口切换区域是软件为剪辑、调色、音频、字幕等不同功能定义的界面布局方案。点击对应的功能，软件会自动切换到使用该功能时的界面布局。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn5w4jrhGzO9gT01GJHYuf4A"},{"type":"imag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"type":"text","text":"，这样时间线就跟我们相匹配了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4KIYjg1xM36XQmgGHykR3c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":808,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"设置比例","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/16194733ec194743b4b6d619885d2a1d","width":1518},"text":"","id":"doxcnKUk2BYu4JstbqFdols79cb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"编辑视频","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCcsm4gI60wckb24kwmyWz4"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"导入素材之后，我们开始对视频进行剪辑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncQyBiaEavZMZ0m2C005cmb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":826,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"编辑视频","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9cdeb430e5fc4cf799877e60d346f3e5","width":1530},"text":"","id":"doxcnJvZVar1xWCDLDzQAdiffEd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加效果","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoKMu424sGUSKWCsKZMnpWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加效果，让视频看起来更流畅。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqMRavgMsQJUgdnA3PcYJ5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":806,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"添加效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cab6ea6e6f2342aa951ff1e60427bc07","width":1514},"text":"","id":"doxcnNpK3tlTugMD6cqpAL8ocrg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加字幕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUWYyW6Sq4UUSwfRRDxV9Ef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加结尾字幕。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcntoZlf63VbJrR7JHsvHqnYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":812,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"添加字幕","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5539c2e88a7e4df8aeb3e07344fb5d4e","width":1534},"text":"","id":"doxcnwK7GZc13stRLPYlZjAOXPf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"导出","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaoGK6mE6qscUW0o4rxYm5f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"剪辑完成，导出成品。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnpvU2bBwgmLhAKSzXeWoA9c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":828,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"导出","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d6a4de757279418c80970a8dda31ef4c","width":1530},"text":"","id":"doxcnq9OeQTXIaqIG5FhluqlHUD"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR导出格式一般用MOV、mp4、AVI等等","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。PR输出视频的时候，要求不一样，输出的格式的就不一样。因为没有统一的标准，要根据需求和目的才能定什么是合适的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8WUWW4Q0eoOAoiU3zHiipb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、如果想输出文件后继续进行编辑，一般推荐输出MOV。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuacmSYEOuG0CQSl2C0Y0qb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、如果输出文件后直接就要观看，或传到视频网站。推荐输出H.264，即mp4。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncCOumAIkcS2Kon4eEwzPKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、如果输出文件给电视台标清播出，就输出AVI格式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2OiGGiWU0E2koz3Im8My3d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"成品","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnikOQyOW066WI4HoGSoszMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面这张是成品","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnnrlcxwJTKBYs8oNNf0tjhf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":230,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"成品","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/51eb05c25026403382e69a69026e3f7b","width":410},"text":"","id":"doxcndu3hxY8vMgwzvXhrog4sLh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这里用的是","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"2018版本","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnraknSYHmS9h9PBNzy1Ecrf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAOymG2QW6kOgew4XvrOBYd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、按i可以设置入点，O可以设置出点。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWMuG4kioCUs6gQDBPutVMv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、Shift+delete键可以删除视频同时，把视频之间的间隙去掉；Ctrl+Z撤销。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOUUwCqSeA66oGI5CoBuWHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、向前选择轨道工具（A）和链接选择项的结合使用可以删除选择点后面的视频和音频","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8QaSq4gmMwOyKO5n6TxBbg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、向前选择轨道工具（A）和取消链接选择项的结合使用按shift键可单独删除视频，保留音频。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneKyMYoQeeu84KU2iYrjLbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、按Q键可删除剪辑的开始，按W键可删除剪辑的结尾，但是它们会从每个音轨中删除内容，如果有多层音轨，这个快捷键就不适用，可以通过锁定音频轨道来避免音频被删除。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneoqqGoAqemIkEq2qzcuYqb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、按光标键→，按一下前进一帧，按Shift键+光标键，一下会前进5帧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKs6yOQIeAG4Ww11XowX1Pb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、alt+拖动素材=复制","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAEsAIS8ssciik3RT8Xb00g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常用的快捷键如下：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0g0AaYCeM4KSmgSKkPjCCg"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5ba572ebfa9742f592256ae6430ef6a5","width":901},"text":"","id":"doxcnM28y2m2AUYsSiyCX5SWQ8g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":601,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/00b9e0f81a8a40fcb7b32d0f2fb96a9a","width":901},"text":"","id":"doxcnU6mK8cOMWw24GCG9yLRbch"}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0IoogSg4KmAiSwAUjCoB6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"注：如果自己不适应默认的快捷键可以在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"界面快捷键设置修改，步骤如下：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0IoogSg4KmAiSwAUjCoB6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开快捷键界面有两种方法：第一种方法，打开","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"后，在菜单栏找到编辑选项下的快捷键菜单，单击后就会弹出设置界面。第二种方法，打开PR后，我们直接使用快捷键Ctrl+Alt+K后，也会弹出设置界面","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmE8gQEcESwcaOsVIb2KNyc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1013,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"基础快捷键","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/76cfde61296b4aeb9cec5d4c5a94512f","width":1889},"text":"","id":"doxcn8WU68WuCgegUw95zwxC74c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开快捷键界面后在搜索框里我们直接输入想要添加的快捷键功能，然后在空白处单击鼠标，就会产生一个框，按下要设置的快捷键，最后点击确定保存设置，这样就快捷键就设置好了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2sI2ays2C82CyY9ZEtLplh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"PR视频特效","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKss2WSMgGAyqglCfF5Ay5Y"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加滤镜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngGyEQsy0oWYCSHLOLZhKq6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先就是滤镜的位置是在左下角的【效果】选项里面，如下图箭头指向所示：","id":""}],"text":"","id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，点击","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"倒放速度】就能倒放了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2weOsSGGuy6CknqwtBPqjc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1524,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频的倍速播放","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/48606e5677584670b5a9407862ee8b73","width":2712},"text":"","id":"doxcnuMO0Kqu6ieWgkp1OyVyZOe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnquEaO6s8KUYK4s1P17lp5e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加音乐的方法和添加视频的方法一样，导入以后拖动到右边就可以了。删减运用上述方法也是可以完成的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqCsII4ek2WCUKuZYa4J2yc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出的效果：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCSiM8eeOkqMYYJJgdc3zpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"添加完音频后，拉开轨道，点击左下的小按钮，选择：轨道关键帧-音量","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngkSgga8WCYAMsfvboStI1r"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1651,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ef855225c95945fb8611422ba2888801","width":2736},"text":"","id":"doxcnqC82ga0ESE4geehPPuocqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择：添加-移除关键帧按钮，在想要淡入、淡出的地方添加关键帧，即可对音量进行修改，完成淡入、淡出的效果","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnciWIMWggKMO4qmo0LWnz4e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":560,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9d4b72504b4b405281e0782f973337a5","width":2537},"text":"","id":"doxcnCOGUaqgwcWQ6spzhqzcHXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你是第一次使用P","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"R","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"并且佩戴耳机的话，要到P","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"R","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"编辑】-【首选项】-【音频硬件】里的【默认输出】修改输出设备为：耳机。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmwk28QWC6gkykdjJcdeAKg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1161,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音乐淡出效果","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5099d6563766454ea287c12b41eb0705","width":1521},"text":"","id":"doxcniye8EkyoG8EgUPidM1yTZM"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqmosymc0OW0Yo5ZI26sCaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开PR软件，将音频导入进去，拖到右下方的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【时间轴】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"操作区","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna802UygmWaEeEzpb4xHCSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0a4cbe0d440e42afa5566c892d954f54","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnCgwKW6QCakeQ23k8cMiTmh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"右击鼠标，点击音轨，在出现的选项中点击","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【音频增益】；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2c0qiCKOeiI8oZ8bDy3EQg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5124f54cae5e4ebd99099e64c32a3101","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn2AMYac6qCIsYA52uYmmjDg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【音频增益】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"页面，选择","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【将增益设置为】；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOQIkQ8O86Qg4cxWF0amyZb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b864d26134b54a90861574547984795e","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnAOcIYsoeAWuWWSM57mLc1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"输入合适的音频值，负数表示减少，完成后点击","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【确定】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCUAcWciGi2UeO8XAiLVBtc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"音效增益","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e88ddb02e713448e81ff265d4f30838f","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn4UUYsyGwWiYA2CKYvb4gmb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG4sysssKueIQuQFvufWYgc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先打开电脑上的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"PR","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"，打开项目文件后，选择右侧的【效果】面板，效果面板中有","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"音频效果、音频过渡，视频效果、视频过渡；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqwKcuQAwwW02ZoMGeRJfd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/62da70f7f90940c8b611e9a8892b2cbc","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn4qiuQIqqUSCkeoVcRVlIoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鼠标点开【视频过渡】，其中有7类转场特效，我们这里点击进入","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"【溶解】，选择【溶解】下的【交叉溶解】","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwM8K6A2siQKaugsk6Vb7Lc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e194612737c74984aafb20c40c87d59c","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn48oGWGW2ai6ACIwKKf4lOf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"选择【交叉溶解】拖动到视频上，可以看到我们可以将转场放置到视频末尾，视频开头或两段视频中间，这里选择【视频中间】；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno6ec4cC6owsAVXKytUtaBW"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ed3415b840774ab2bdbb253cd7fc6f68","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcnCaoocAM8q4uoEt2HiFTZId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"插入完成后我们双击此转场，进入【设置过渡持续时间】，拖动蓝色字体即可增加或减少时间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSsi4oUGWcoOCYDAouBTKkc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/09220951e79a41dc92d82e7d4e82c1de","width":900},"text":"","id":"doxcn6mg2WQOg0uy2K0PegxzHwh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"成品：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnI8oosUKcm8iSWyYQYc4JIe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":598,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"视频转场","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/889c3c03fba94f388d263fcff4e7b44f","width":898},"text":"","id":"doxcnMQa8QmoWa6IOQbFSZaTPtc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAMa8S486maiWEH5jMoxgne"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E