1. rkccb700温控器说明书
长宽比例超过黄金比例0.618就是房型扁平,这样的房型看起来狭长,房间不方正,说通俗点就是长方形户型,设计在长方形户型中是尤为重要的,我们可以靠着设计把家里装扮美美的。
装修要点
采光
细长户型的问题其中一个就是采光不好,室内不会特别通透。而一旦光线照不进室内,就容易出现室内阴暗、压抑的情况。如非长方形南北通透户型,也可将厨房门透明,增加采光。我们还可以在装修时多留出几扇窗户,让光线可以尽可能多的照进屋里。除了多开窗户,每个窗户的面积最好也大一些,或者在屋内设计时多加一些辅助照明也是可以的。家里尽量简洁开放一些,留白面积大就会让整个空间更加宽阔透亮。
隔断
长方形的房子客厅会是狭长的,对这样的空间可以做隔断处理。
我们可以通过给细长的户型做隔断,把整个空间分隔成几个小空间,做不同的分区使用。但是做隔断的时候最好不要使用墙体隔断,这样会让本来就不大、就奇怪的户型看起来更小,墙体隔断很占空间,又有不通风的毛病。所以隔断最好选择玻璃门、木格栅、置物架、吧台之类的物品,既可以做整体隔断,也可以做半隔断。
可使用窗帘、珠帘等软隔断来起到分隔作用,这样可以多出一些可用空间来。切记不要使用硬隔断,不仅会增加空间的厚重感,还会感到不方便。
隔断是其中一种划分客厅空间的方式,实际上还有其他方式,长方形户型一大特点通常为长方形客厅,有些面积大的客厅可以区隔成工作台或是小餐厅,甚至是书房等,通常在沙发后摆放长桌等可办公可就餐;还有如卧室不够可隔断卧室,儿童区等。
大户型客厅改造成餐厅
大户型客厅改造成书房
大户型客厅改造成儿童区
玻璃门隔断
木格栅隔断
置物架隔断
吧台隔断
窗帘隔断
珠帘隔断
色彩
细长户型的格局对家里色彩的要求更加严格。家中大面积使用的颜色,例如墙面的颜色,需要和整体软装色调搭配好,不能出现很跳脱的颜色。色彩要有整体的感觉同时也要做到统一。最好选择浅色系作为主色调进行装修,这样可以让原本看起来比较小的细长户型显得通透一些。亮色系可以降低局促和压抑感,比深色系更适合小一点、长一点的户型。材质、质感方面也尽量统一,如吊顶、墙壁、柜体和地面等尽量统一材质,如实木等温润自然,可以促进统一和谐视觉效果,无形中扩充空间体量
在软装上可以选择同一色系多的产品,可以让空间光线更加明亮。例如选择适当的镜面装饰,能提升整体的空间感。切忌使用过多的镜面装饰,不然容易会让人感到不适
家具
细长型的户型看起来会比较小一些,所以挑选家具的时候切忌大件家具,比如落地式的大沙发,比较厚重的木质柜子。我们应该选择占地面积比较小,造型相对比较简约的家具,线条简单才能让家里整体看起来更通透清爽。
选择家具的时候可以多选择一些多功能的家具,这样在既保证充足的收纳空间外,也能增加行走空间。
灯光辅助
房子采光不好,可以多选择一些灯具,借助灯光起到辅助作用,这样就可以让房间亮起来。内部使用的灯具要选择一些造型比较简单富有时尚感的灯具,而且灯具的灯光也经常选择柔和一些的,这样避免对眼睛的刺激从而影响整个空间的视觉效果。
如果觉得柔和的灯光照射的光源并没有那么强,那可以考虑使用辅助光源添加。比如安装灯带或者是添加吸顶灯、筒灯、射灯等灯具,这些灯具的装饰效果会比较强,在增加室内光线的同时还能够使整体看起来比较舒适。
安装灯带
安装吸顶灯
安装筒灯
安装射灯
装饰
其实不管是不是细长户型,只要不是大户型,都不要搭配太多华丽的装饰。过多的装饰品会显得比较乱,不要左摆一个右摆一个,过犹不及。适当留白会让家里显得更加美观。
我们可以利用扁平形户型的死角空间加以装修,设计为相应的收纳空间,这样既可以把空间利用起来,也可以住的比较舒服。
1、进门处可作为外套,皮鞋,皮包,手套,雨伞等物件的藏身之处。诀窍在于不破坏建筑结构前提下,对进户墙面商家处理做一个壁柜下面,部分做中间的小抽屉,可放手套钥匙等零星物品,上面部分可以挂衣服放皮包。
2、卫生间除了有浴缸出水马桶洗脸盆外,还可以放一些塑料盆桶之类的物品。洗脸池台面下做成可拆卸式的搁架,平时可放喷桶一类的物品,也可存放洗衣粉,多余的牙膏,牙刷,肥皂,卫生纸,洗涤剂等。
3、客厅装修的时候可以采用圆角沙发,电视采用挂墙的,这样可以节省一些空间,而且在小角落可以放置一些清新的盆栽。
4、储藏室可以发挥其作用,趁装修之便,在其内部做柜子,分层分格,尺寸按照所需放置物品的规格。
5、厨房中“锅碗瓢盆交响曲”,热闹有加,烦恼不少。可以适当的装修置物架,把东西归置清楚。
6、卧室中的主要储存空间就是衣橱了,衣橱中的衣物可分为床上用品和个人衣装两大类。扁平型卧室应沿用一些简约的色彩和收纳方法,留出较大的卧室空间,避免拥挤的感觉,便于营造安谧的气氛。衣柜可以采用嵌入墙体设计,可以避免整面墙的拥堵感,令视觉效果更为丰富。
装修流程
房屋设计
装修房子需要从设计开始。作为扁平户型,房屋设计要从扁平的角度出发,主体强调光线、家装设计、吊顶、底层防水地暖、储物空间讲究如何改善扁平化房型导致的空间压抑、提高空间利用率,并将自身的想法、意见和业主沟通清楚,这样才能拥有一个良好的设计方案,我们也可以提前选好设计风格,让设计进行设计。另外在设计图出来后,也需进行一次核对,将不满意的地方提出整理与修改。
家装风格分类
1、欧式风格
欧式风格主要有法式、意大利、西班牙、北欧、英式、地中海等风格,这是随着历史文化潮流而形成的强烈、独特的风格,这指的的是欧洲每个国家所展现的强烈的传统文化内涵。
2、田园乡村风格
田园乡村风格是一种推崇自然的地方装饰风格。结合了自然将乡土风味形成了一种清新的空间形式,是慵懒放松的家居体现。材质上采用天然石、木、竹、藤等材质,布艺多采用花卉图案为主,整体色彩以乳白色、白色、粉色、天然木色等以淡暖色系为主,线条也比较简洁。
3、中式风格
中式风格以中国古典建筑为装饰的室内设计艺术风格,给人一种壮丽华贵、气势恢弘之感,装饰主要以木材为原料,多用对称手法。图案有龙、凤、龟、狮等吉兽。中式风格造价大多比较高,精雕细琢、瑰丽奇巧的风格深受成功人士的喜爱。
4、现代简约风格
现代简约风格造价相对低一些,同时家装风格顺应了当今快节奏的生活,简约而不简单的个性风。虽摆设较少,但对材质要求极高,每件家具摆放位置都经过深思熟虑,做到多功能的利用空间。
主体拆改
从这一步开始,装修就进入到施工阶段。主体拆改就是按照设计方案,先把工地的框架搭起来。主要包括拆墙、砌墙、铲墙皮、更换门窗等等。
装修流程
1、在进行主体拆改之前首选要做的就是准备好图纸,一定要按照图纸规划进行改造工程,没有图纸的话就等于是没有做好规划拆改工作,在这种情况下不适合进行拆改工程,因此拆改图纸是必不可少的一部分。
2、在主体拆改的过程中原材料的去留也是一个大问题,这在拆改前期就需要最好必须的准备,例如原来的腻子如果是防水的就可以不用铲除了,其他可以直接使用的材料也可以保留下来,这样可以有效回收利用并且可以节省开支。
3、在进行墙体拆改的时候要注意,应该严格按照图纸指示进行拆墙、砌墙工作。
4、铲地皮,有暖气的拆掉暖气,换塑钢窗。
5、在拆改结束后会留下大量垃圾,这时需要施工队员清理垃圾以便进行下一步操作。
注意事项
1、在主体拆改的过程中首先要注意的是,承重墙不可拆除,根据我国相关法律条文规定,拆改承重墙是不合法的,承重墙是作为承受上一层楼层重量的主体部分,盲目拆除的话,可能会给房屋带来濒临倒塌的危险。
2、在混凝土中的门框不要盲目拆除,如果强制拆除的话可能会导致墙体倒塌的情况出现。
3、阳台上有矮墙的话不要拆除,否则可能会导致塌陷,如果影响美观,可以另行设计安排。
4、在拆除的过程中应该要注意的是,线路应该提前关闭好,对于隐藏在墙体中的线路要多加留意,提前关闭电闸是非常有必要的,避免不小心触碰导致触电危险。
5、居室中有些地面都是有防水层的,若是将防水层破坏的话,很容易使楼下的住户变成“水帘洞”。因此,业主在装修地面的时候需要注意的是,不要将地面防水层破坏,若是不小心破坏了的话,切记一定要重新做防水工程,并且做完后要经过“48小时渗水实验”后,如果不漏水,才算合格。
6、还有燃气管道的拆改也是要慎重的,若是居民或装修人员私自拆改燃气管道、包封燃气阀门很容易造成燃气泄漏。因为,燃气管道被包封起来,气体泄漏将很难会被发现,并且气体一旦泄露的话很不容易扩散。并且在使用的时候,也没有专业的安全监测,一旦遇见明火的话必然会引起爆炸的情况发生。
水电气改造
水电改造是装修中重要的工程部分,很多生活中房子会出现的问题都是水电工程不达标留下的隐患。所以对于这部分的施工一定要慎之又慎,避免后期出现不必要的麻烦。另外在操作完成后,也要做好防水的相关工作,这样后期的隐患也会减轻不少。
可以根据设计师的水电施工图纸进行水电改造。
水电改造方法
1、把关在装修的时候业主要对自己家里的布局有个全局的想法,要弄清楚家里的家具大概放什么地方,哪里放什么电器,多大的都要考虑好,这样有规划的做水电改造是很关键的,要不然会浪费很多人力物力,在设计的时候装修公司会为你出很多方案。
2、买材料的时候要看是不是正规的厂家生产的合格产品,现在的水电品牌多如牛毛,业主在装修的时候不知道什么牌子,什么规格的比较好,最好是对这方面的知识有些了解,要不然让装修公司去买的话以次充好,那就得不偿失了。
3、在进场的时候要对装修材料进行核实,看看是不是质量合格的材料,要不然装修好了就不好核实了,还有就是要对工作人员核实,看看他们是否具有水电暖施工资质,确认后才能让他们施工。
4、水电改造施工好后,要对施工的每一处细节要仔细的验收,水路验收的时候看水改是不是用金属管卡固定的,距离不能过大,浴室的出水口是不是左热右冷,距离是否达标,接口是不是水平。水电路线不能在同一槽内,每个下水口都要进行通水试验。必须要进行打压试验,时间压力要标准。
水电改造要点
1、首先要确定洗澡是要站着洗还是躺着洗,用浴盆还是淋浴,尺寸要多大,卫生间能不能容得下这个尺寸,这些问题都是要影响水路的上下水设计和电路的插座位置的。
2、若是选择安装淋浴是安装淋浴房还是装浴帘,是否要安装底座,附近是否有地漏,出水口大概在什么位置。
3、淋浴的出水口常规设计是左热右冷,两管之间的间距要保持15cm。因为目前市面上售卖的支架式淋浴龙头比较多,这样的淋浴龙头对于出水口的间距及尺寸要求比较严格。首先要保证两个出水口的水平高度一致,还要保证两个出水口在同一水平面上。还要特别注意一点就是出水口不能设置在腰线的位置,高度也要根据家庭成员的平均身高来确定。
4、二手房厨卫改造可能还涉及到地漏的移动和增加个数的问题。移动地漏需要注意一定要抬高地面,若是要安装深水封地漏,那么地面至少上抬10cm以上,可以采用局部地面抬高或是整体地面抬高的方式。在更换地漏时要注意一点,普通地漏不能作为洗衣机地漏,会出现返水现象。
5、坐便器移位也是卫生间拆改会遇到的问题,但切记坐便器移动的距离不能超过10cm,否则坐便器会下水不畅,容易堵。若是一定要移动坐便器的位置,那么就要从楼下改管移动马桶下水。
6、浴霸用风暖的还是灯暖的涉及到电路改造,因为灯暖的浴霸一般是要连5根电线,而风暖的浴霸的电线数一般是3-8根,具体看你选择什么样的型号了。
厨房水电
厨房要预留净水机的电源、进水口、排污管道,电源一般留在进水口旁边。厨房要使用燃气热水器的,要预留燃气热水器的进、出水管,一般选择靠窗户的位置,离地1.5米高,旁边预留插座。
燃气表旁边预留插座,电子燃气表需要电源;厨房操作台上方要装一排插座,供电饭煲、小家电使用,一般预留3-5个插座,高度1.2米;冰箱要在离地面0.5米到1米之间设置插座,因为冰箱在使用中等30厘米的位置是释放热量的空间,所以安装时要避免这些位置。
阳台水电
阳台水电比较简单,阳台洗衣机预留冷水管,阳台洗手盆预留冷热水管。洗衣机电源预留高度在40公分。顶部预留智能晾衣架电源。
卫生间水电
卫生间改造的时候需要注意的比较多。
水路:洗脸盆的冷热水口2个、留热水器的进水口和出水口各1个、坐便器或蹲厕水箱接口1个、淋浴区地漏1个,如果洗衣机放卫生间,也要给洗衣机预留地漏1个。冷热水管也要保持一定的距离,否则会影响水管的保温效果,洗澡时需要等很久才有热水。一般水管铺设时,左热右冷,间距是15厘米。
水管管道走完后要进行试水打压试验,再做防水处理。地漏安装完后马上冲水,因为担心安装过程中有水泥掉在下水管道中,时间长了受潮凝固,导致下水道不通。在卫生间墙面安装其它卫浴产品五金等,切记安装前要查阅水路电路存档照片,避开墙上的水管和电路。
电路:就算安装的是普通马桶,也要在旁边预留插座,方便业主以后安装智能马桶。预留热水器的进、出水管及电源,燃气和电的随便选择,都预留好。浴室柜旁边预留插座、浴室柜上面1.8米高预留电源,镜前灯使用。注意:卫生间要使用4mm²的铜芯线。水管尽量走顶,这样既方便做防水也方便以后检修。
客厅卧室水电
客厅卧室主要是要处理电路,要留意这些:客厅灯卧室灯要改成双控;客厅预留灯带、筒灯的开关及电源,开关一般放在电视墙。 电视墙电源一般留4-5个,高度在35公分,预留弱电,电视墙预留50管,挂电视时隐藏电线。在沙发的左右两边预留电源,以备手机充电,高度在40公分左右。卧室床头柜的插座抬高到60公分,方便插拔。书桌下预留多排插座。一般客厅空调一组回路,卧室空调每2台一组回路。如果业主家安装了新风或电热地暖,也要为它们准备专用回路。
室内整体装修
室内整体装修包括木工、泥瓦工、油漆工的装修。
木工作为一道繁杂的工序,也可当作是主体修改的关键环节来对待,与水电路的改良并不冲突,有时可能还需要一些配合。木工是为业主完成房屋装修过程中的各项木质工程的工种,其人工费用占到整个家装工程人工费用的40-60%不等。目前市场上比较常规的木工定制产品有:成品套装门、定制衣柜、定制书柜、定制橱柜、定制移门等。
泥瓦工序就是大家关心的贴瓷砖这一步骤,以及墙面、地面的基层处理和各区域防水工程。这项面子工程是否有好的施工质量不但直接影响到整体装修的外观是否整洁美观,而且防水质量直接关系到业主入住后的居住质量。
油漆工程一般是硬装即将结束的标志了,包含墙体表面处理、批腻子、砂纸打磨、刷底涂、刷涂料等步骤。油漆工程是面子工程,如果油漆工艺做的不好的话,就会留下入住后的困扰,如墙面开裂、掉漆等。所以一定要去注意施工工艺以及工艺原则,不遵守这些步骤的话就会影响家装质量了。
具体步骤
水电工完成之后,一般是先做木工,对其家里的石膏板等吊顶,电视背景墙以及家里需要打柜子的制作。
客厅装修
装修客厅一般是先进行吊顶。
安装客厅天花板之前,必须绘制天花板的尺寸,然后设置好天花板上的位置,用冲击钻钻洞,最后用固定的膨胀螺丝的大龙骨(木质骨架称为龙骨)。然后,将地板上的骨架固定到天花板上,使用方形条作为固定柱,水平和水平固定骨架,并根据图纸的大小切割多余的骨架,下一步是固定石膏板。建议使用十字架将石膏板固定在天花板上并用螺丝固定。有必要去除剩余的石膏板。这个屋顶差不多完了。
住宅客厅吊顶的石膏板固定后,可以进行装饰。例如,在干墙的凹槽中施加纱布以避免收缩和开裂。将装饰线固定在天花板的边缘,最后放上腻子粉或其他装饰材料。漂亮的天花板就做好了。
我们装修餐厅的时候也可以选择同样的吊顶花纹,装修家具可以选择长方形餐桌,这样搭配起来比较协调。
客厅这一块装修还需要考虑到玄关的装修,装修玄关一般要考虑实用性,可以打造定制家具作为衣柜、鞋柜、雨伞等杂物的收纳。如南北通透类长方形小户型客厅,玄关设计要简洁;如客厅结构是长条形,可在餐厅门口设置半通透玄关,以便区分用餐空间,还可增设暖暗光源,装饰艺术长廊效果;如客厅较宽,还可有落地窗设计等。
简单收纳玄关
半通透玄关
落地窗玄关
电视背景墙
制作电视背景墙需要选择合适的材质,不同的材质所营造的效果不同,然后根据既定的材质,考虑背景墙是侧重实用还是侧重装饰。
可以采用大理石雕刻出的角线做造型,然后中间贴瓷砖用瓷砖贴出造型花样。这种造型一般都是与客厅的地砖造型相呼应的。客厅使用大理石来装饰能瞬间提前档次和品质,而且时尚的质感能体现出来,大理石面的不规则花纹,原生态的自然效果也是让人喜欢的另一面。
还有一种做法就是用文化石做背景墙,人造文化石一般具有环保节能,质量轻的优点。其古朴,极具造型感,被年轻人所青睐。由于是用作电视墙,瓷砖尽量选用柔光砖,表面光反射没有亮光砖强烈,看电视时开灯也不会有光反射。铺贴方式也同普通砖一样简单,价格也是地砖价格经济实惠。
定制家具
如果室内面积比较小,可以考虑选择定制家具。
目前,市场上已经出现一大批的定制家具企业。这些企业在大规模生产的基础上,将每位消费者视为一个单独的细分市场,满足单个消费者的个性需求。目前,多采用定制形式的家具主要有整体衣柜、整体书柜、整体橱柜、步入式衣帽间、入墙衣柜等。
定制家具的流程
1、一般情况下设计师会跟业主提前沟通一下,了解一下业主的想法以及生活方式。
2、带业主参观样品展厅,考察产品工艺和生产制作流程,交流家居配置风格需求,根据会谈详细记录分析,与业主约定初步配套方案面谈时间。
3、完成上面两步之后要做的是上门初步测量工作,确定好家居的尺寸以及摆放的位置,之后要做的就是进行多全方位的准确测量工作,精准测算出家居的尺寸以及占地面积和摆放布局等情况。
4、设计师会根据现场测量的实际结果绘制出基本的家具设计图,然后跟业主沟通之后就可以初步确定设计方案了。
5、面谈进行方案磋商,并进行调整终达到业主满意。
6、在家具的生产制作过程中应该随时与业主保持沟通,所采用的材料以及颜色要及时告知业主,有异议的话应该及时沟通调整。
客厅定制家具:可以根据需求定制电视柜和储物柜。
卧室定制家具:定制衣柜、床头柜
房间的整体定制:定制飘窗、榻榻米、书柜。
阳台定制家具:洗衣柜、储物柜。
厨房定制家具橱柜。
贴瓷砖
在我们木工完成之后,就可以进泥瓦工了,泥瓦工主要包含的就是大理石窗台,过门石,地漏以及瓷砖等安装。
贴瓷砖需要先准备好工具:瓷砖、拉线、水、混浆、泥砂。
1、对铺贴的墙体表面进行处理,清除表面污物。并洒水湿润,然后用水泥砂浆混合找平。
2、将墙砖完全置于清水中,一般三十分钟就可以了,随后取出,晾干水渍待用。
3、根据设计铺贴图样的要求,确定排砖方案。在干爽的找平层上拉上标线,让瓷砖在一个垂直面上。
4、铺贴釉面墙砖选择水泥型号425,砂子以中砂为好。水泥和砂子按1:3的比例加水搅拌成糊状备用。
5、在墙面上喷足够的水,在砖背面均匀抹上水泥砂浆。砂浆厚度以5mm-6mm为宜,用木锤轻轻拍牢,并随时用水平尺找平。
6、在瓷砖铺贴完成后,使用专用的瓷砖勾缝剂进行勾缝就可以了。
刷墙面漆
油漆工进场,主要是对墙面的一些基层处理及乳胶漆的涂刷等,还有就是一些需要上油漆的家具进行上漆。那大家要注意的是,墙面如果要贴壁纸的话,一定要叫油漆工在墙面上做基层处理。
墙面刷漆都要针对墙面做基层处理,让墙面尽量保持平整。然后再均匀的刮一遍腻子,在腻子干透后,用粗砂纸进行抛光。最后就可以抹涂料了,可以抹两层涂料,尽量均匀不得漏涂!
到这一步油漆工完成之后,整个装修的硬装基本上就完成了。以上都是一些装修的施工环节,而施工环节之后,我们还要进行一些安装环节。
厨卫吊顶
厨卫吊顶是所有安装环节的第一个环节。在我们安装橱柜的时候,我们一定要将其防潮吸顶灯、排风扇(浴霸)应该已经买好了。这样可以一起安装完成。
如厨房为长方形结构,我们可以把厨房按照使用功能划分布局,如洗菜区、烹饪区、储藏区分开等。
橱柜安装
厨卫间的吊顶结束后,我们就可以约橱柜的商家上门安装橱柜了。一般安装橱柜最快就一天时间就完成了。
在我们安装橱柜的时候,我们也可以将已买的水槽,灶台等送货上门安装了,然后一起进行安装。在这里大王就强调一点,燃气一定要提前开通好,因为安装完之后要进行试气的。
木门安装
橱柜安装完之后,下一步就要进行室内门安装了,注意一点的是,室内门要是定制的话,那一定要提前一个月定制,一般安装时间就一天时间。
开关插座灯具
壁纸贴完之后,我们就要进行开关,插座以及灯具的安装,那在此之前,我们一定要根据水电工给到的开关,插座、灯具数量进行提前购买好。
五金安装
五金安装部分,这里主要指的是一些水龙头,卫浴挂件以及洁具、阳台的晾衣架等等安装。在这里提醒大家,五金一定要购买好的,不然后期很容易坏掉,一旦坏了,后期更换非常的麻烦然而我们安装完上下水管件。水龙头,角阀等一定要进行开关测试,看看是否有漏水的问题。
开荒保洁
装修到上一步就全部完成了,接下来我们就要对其全屋彻底的清洁打扫了。
窗帘安装
此时就可以将其家里准备好的窗帘进行拿出来安装了!
家具、家电进场
完成基础装修后就开始安装家具家电了,可以把购买的沙发、床铺、冰箱、电视机等家具家电安装摆放在合适的地方。
装修注意事项
1、我们在装饰地板时往往注意瓷砖和地板是否美观,而忽略了踢脚线。踢脚线不仅起到保护墙面的作用,还能有画龙点睛的效果。所以我们可以选择些美观精致的踢脚线。
2、瓷砖铺好后,为了防止瓷砖间的缝隙弄脏,我们可以做填缝处理。这里小编建议尽量采用填缝剂或美缝剂来填缝,不少业主为了省钱,会使用白水泥来填缝,白水泥粉的防水性能会较差些,粘贴牢度和硬度也会较差。
3、防水工程是重中之重的,大家在这方面要更加注意些,不过也别因小失大,忽略了地漏的排水一定要低于地面这样的地漏规则,在装修时提醒下泥水师傅就好。
4、必须考虑材料选择,卧室应选择吸声、隔音良好的装饰材料,是一个非常重要的因素。柔软美观的布贴纸、保温、吸声功能地毯是卧室的理想选择。大理石、花岗岩、地砖等冷硬材料不适合卧室使用。
5、卧室的主要功能是供人们休息和睡觉,功能非常重要。因此,卧室的设计必须围绕营造一个安静的休息空间,其中床是当之无愧的主角。首先要注意床的舒适性,然后包括装饰风格、布局、色彩和装饰。卧室的照明以暖黄色为基调。
6、不可忽视的饰品装饰,巧妙地在房间里装饰一些小饰品也是一个很好的方法。它不仅可以增加房间的氛围,还可以改善整个空间的气质。
装修案例
这个装修一看就觉得十分简单明亮,灰白色的哑光地板的搭配白色墙面,整个房间的色调简单、干净。我们可以看到他的沙发没有使用大型转角沙发的设计,而是小型布艺沙发搭配小茶几,侧边增加软座椅的风格。这样的家居搭配更加节省空间,让室内显得大方、宽广。落地灯和吊灯的小设计加上地毯的平面几何图案明显提高了房间的格调。
这一户虽然客厅的面积比较上一家有所减少,但是我们丝毫不会感到拥挤。因为他们将茶几去掉,改为高低小圆桌,空间上更有层次感却不占地方。对于小户型小家庭来说,一个长沙发足以容纳3-4人,若是家里来了客人就用懒人座椅招待,惬意得很。小户型想要“扁平化”,装饰上就要尽量选择素色、浅色的装修,选择相近颜色也不会让人感觉乱。
这家人明显在装饰上下了功夫,他们的家具选择都是四四方方的简单设计却十分考究,没有一丝多余占用的空间。而墙壁和隔断的装修分别采用了立体石砖纹路、木纹和镜面拼接的元素,时尚又富有艺术气息,适合追求高端大气的都市白领进行参考。中规中矩的家具搭配深色墙壁装修,虽然看起来色调偏暗但是完全不觉得狭窄。
最后一家的装明显相比前几家的设计感就少了很多,更适合年龄稍微大一些的人参考。一眼看上去感觉好像有一种邻家的亲切感,灰色大转角沙发和黑色亮面电视柜、黑色小茶几的搭配朴素不花哨。地板和墙壁中规中矩,墙壁没有选择“大白墙”,而是是用来墙纸和但换色的瓷砖电视背景墙,让整个家里温馨了不少。
%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"长宽比例超过黄金比例0.618就是房型扁平,这样的房型看起来狭长,房间不方正,说通俗点就是长方形户型,设计在长方形户型中是尤为重要的,我们可以靠着设计把家里装扮美美的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kc6QdwgQuoCWQcxSwaycwwFInOf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修要点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LU6MdkQYOo0eyixMBSBcYZBznre"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"采光","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BWCIdeus2oYAC8x2RqycA7Khnqh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":641,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"采光","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f1f848784daf4427a607db3d688ad064","width":1088},"text":"","id":"MWM2doUyUo6uGkx0aZ6cFoLGnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"细长户型的问题其中一个就是采光不好,室内不会特别通透。而一旦光线照不进室内,就容易出现室内阴暗、压抑的情况。如非长方形南北通透户型,也可将厨房门透明,增加采光。我们还可以在装修时多留出几扇窗户,让光线可以尽可能多的照进屋里。除了多开窗户,每个窗户的面积最好也大一些,或者在屋内设计时多加一些辅助照明也是可以的。家里尽量简洁开放一些,留白面积大就会让整个空间更加宽阔透亮。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VsUed4ksgoiWsOxobTDc0UUtnge"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NuqqdcMKso40mWxYJ58czHkRnSh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":421,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b3d9a23f4ffc493c90af9476913f06c9","width":731},"text":"","id":"NuyqdyecEoySccxAGsicy4BWnZV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"长方形的房子客厅会是狭长的,对这样的空间可以做隔断处理。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SQeOduMEEoQOamxAfQdcWbI9nXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们可以通过给细长的户型做隔断,把整个空间分隔成几个小空间,做不同的分区使用。但是做隔断的时候最好不要使用墙体隔断,这样会让本来就不大、就奇怪的户型看起来更小,墙体隔断很占空间,又有不通风的毛病。所以隔断最好选择玻璃门、木格栅、置物架、吧台之类的物品,既可以做整体隔断,也可以做半隔断。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MYqMdsi8eoYWc4xUz5uci5B2nzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可使用窗帘、珠帘等软隔断来起到分隔作用,这样可以多出一些可用空间来。切记不要使用硬隔断,不仅会增加空间的厚重感,还会感到不方便。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PS4MdwqKwow8AGxmWbic0trfnyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断是其中一种划分客厅空间的方式,实际上还有其他方式,长方形户型一大特点通常为长方形客厅,有些面积大的客厅可以区隔成工作台或是小餐厅,甚至是书房等,通常在沙发后摆放长桌等可办公可就餐;还有如卧室不够可隔断卧室,儿童区等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SwuqdK6EiocwQ4xMpJRcStznn9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大户型客厅改造成餐厅","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P0uSdE8C0oUi0sxcdfrculKanue"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":585,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e074619a16f64fefbe4fa6b0a4066868","width":956},"text":"","id":"VQWcdgygKoi0K2xuYgdc3PMRnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大户型客厅改造成书房","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZawQdKymoo6eSgxSEXEcQCAanRb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c33cf4f240494e169d2330cff336a051","width":782},"text":"","id":"UOIMdKoeSogK0axycB2crzjonJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"大户型客厅改造成儿童区","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QGasdk8qqoOGmwxx6Y4cQSZcnkG"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":723,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/65a802e3c7004f5292630f88987c2a48","width":968},"text":"","id":"YQwud8cW6ok8muxwXSdcEri1nQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"玻璃门隔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUwWdQYmComAYIxA9SgchPCPnPd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":487,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/94cc7a2672a74b99b95e0c90f3daf438","width":847},"text":"","id":"WkUKdSG6uoEsk0xeAvDc4xsSnWb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"木格栅隔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GkSMd6QyWo2QAwx0IY5ce0hLnOh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":506,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/469f3e14bc3c4112a5985c2c22e7b74c","width":729},"text":"","id":"AOmQdiS6soyIggxkdn7cIl6ynqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"置物架隔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAUWdoQqMoMWa2xcBHjcxKLpnWe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":607,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a72dfa69e4c9432aab808a5f7dbcd390","width":743},"text":"","id":"RYGadkQe2okcaExueDQcEt50nJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吧台隔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XqGKdu4Q2oWKcUxeKTzchpt4nHd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":538,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f9bb423c5c6b4c3c9c87bd2a95a10c2a","width":943},"text":"","id":"D2egdSWUSoaG2mxekoec2ZtHnjd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"窗帘隔断","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XUWadCGMwo2AYcxetLycFkqtnab"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":426,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"隔断","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/19a467f01da64827b5ec40ddfab80e47","width":785},"text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洗脸盆外,还可以放一些塑料盆桶之类的物品。洗脸池台面下做成可拆卸式的搁架,平时可放喷桶一类的物品,也可存放洗衣粉,多余的牙膏,牙刷,肥皂,卫生纸,洗涤剂等。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XQyYdQOewoaqaIxGhOYc3LmxnTC"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":540,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装饰","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e073b9c7645049408f9b911eb039112a","width":492},"text":"","id":"Wu46dkou8oW2uyx8Ce1c21N6nxa"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、客厅装修的时候可以采用圆角沙发,电视采用挂墙的,这样可以节省一些空间,而且在小角落可以放置一些清新的盆栽。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BiMCdYmkwoy2ozx9IMVcAryJnkZ"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":389,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装饰","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b05a408e9c9b49d790d0cdd6b9771274","width":682},"text":"","id":"WoqqduYUuowS6IxuI48cCTlkndf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、储藏室可以发挥其作用,趁装修之便,在其内部做柜子,分层分格,尺寸按照所需放置物品的规格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GqYydYEmYoegWUx6d5CcCm5bnjd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":393,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装饰","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e306465ec04f4fee9318cb657b03ae0b","width":674},"text":"","id":"Kgoud0egYoMwkcxfi5zcEfoynkz"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、厨房中“锅碗瓢盆交响曲”,热闹有加,烦恼不少。可以适当的装修置物架,把东西归置清楚。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BAuwdiweMoME2Cx6pfKcyK4NnZb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":496,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装饰","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/78fde40a57e343de9d22cda1bcaae90e","width":604},"text":"","id":"HOcidYGGEosmwoxEvFacly6En3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、卧室中的主要储存空间就是衣橱了,衣橱中的衣物可分为床上用品和个人衣装两大类。扁平型卧室应沿用一些简约的色彩和收纳方法,留出较大的卧室空间,避免拥挤的感觉,便于营造安谧的气氛。衣柜可以采用嵌入墙体设计,可以避免整面墙的拥堵感,令视觉效果更为丰富。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JwsCd2gAoo00Y8xyCeIcGielnMb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":524,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装饰","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6538d16c2a3c4e45a627bd4d360c8341","width":806},"text":"","id":"RCyKd6GgKo28yixKgQIcHUminzf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修流程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T24qdY4gYoAOaQxaEVkciKy4nih"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"房屋设计","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQyodQiIKoeaMcxW69UcU2tLnLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修房子需要从设计开始。作为扁平户型,房屋设计要从扁平的角度出发,主体强调光线、家装设计、吊顶、底层防水地暖、储物空间讲究如何改善扁平化房型导致的空间压抑、提高空间利用率,并将自身的想法、意见和业主沟通清楚,这样才能拥有一个良好的设计方案,我们也可以提前选好设计风格,让设计进行设计。另外在设计图出来后,也需进行一次核对,将不满意的地方提出整理与修改。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JUYSdkMoyocewoxY9OJcMU7ingh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"家装风格分类","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DC8EdgGqMo60YCxyDBfcz8vsnex"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、欧式风格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GICidSICMoWmEixOOjBcsCrHndc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"欧式风格主要有法式、意大利、西班牙、北欧、英式、地中海等风格,这是随着历史文化潮流而形成的强烈、独特的风格,这指的的是欧洲每个国家所展现的强烈的传统文化内涵。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PEuYdQ4wcoWoAIx8Df3cdzBsn8g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":455,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"家装风格分类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5ef52b24b4dd46a18c61fa93da11fb0a","width":766},"text":"","id":"IciydegikoQww0xCsT2cIWNXnXb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、田园乡村风格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WeyidukiOooyUixMpK0cbICun0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"田园乡村风格是一种推崇自然的地方装饰风格。结合了自然将乡土风味形成了一种清新的空间形式,是慵懒放松的家居体现。材质上采用天然石、木、竹、藤等材质,布艺多采用花卉图案为主,整体色彩以乳白色、白色、粉色、天然木色等以淡暖色系为主,线条也比较简洁。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RAs6dy4ScoA42ixEHdtcpA7Vnuh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":463,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"家装风格分类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/526d78f0862149a493828f88cb7c1082","width":791},"text":"","id":"Wa20dYwawoSycuxKkDNcOkLMncc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、中式风格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KiwOdYC6QoyYuexWwt2cI0cSnqd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中式风格以中国古典建筑为装饰的室内设计艺术风格,给人一种壮丽华贵、气势恢弘之感,装饰主要以木材为原料,多用对称手法。图案有龙、凤、龟、狮等吉兽。中式风格造价大多比较高,精雕细琢、瑰丽奇巧的风格深受成功人士的喜爱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FkeMdoQ4GoI0sYx2JyRcOUHdnsf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":491,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"家装风格分类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6552497288764dc094ef67fea409633e","width":793},"text":"","id":"BAU6dkiqco08eWx0izecZ6nVnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、现代简约风格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FUqkd0Q2moEKqMxGOEdcExXonfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"现代简约风格造价相对低一些,同时家装风格顺应了当今快节奏的生活,简约而不简单的个性风。虽摆设较少,但对材质要求极高,每件家具摆放位置都经过深思熟虑,做到多功能的利用空间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VGU4dumMsog4umxQ160cQpR7nac"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":559,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"家装风格分类","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d9524e4f512f4fd2840e1c8799958ab4","width":1043},"text":"","id":"D26ydMYmaoyYckxWcDMcxm1vn9f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"主体拆改","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BYkodQKC4o0y6YxGNwOcx89FnFo"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"从这一步开始,装修就进入到施工阶段。主体拆改就是按照设计方案,先把工地的框架搭起来。主要包括拆墙、砌墙、铲墙皮、更换门窗等等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PsuWd4E2Aoi0e6xsjrDcmrMOnyc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修流程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MOsodgkSioc2coxGiUZcxwqwnHf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、在进行主体拆改之前首选要做的就是准备好图纸,一定要按照图纸规划进行改造工程,没有图纸的话就等于是没有做好规划拆改工作,在这种情况下不适合进行拆改工程,因此拆改图纸是必不可少的一部分。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IUA6dqsIQoUK2kxiUtScfsmrnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、在主体拆改的过程中原材料的去留也是一个大问题,这在拆改前期就需要最好必须的准备,例如原来的腻子如果是防水的就可以不用铲除了,其他可以直接使用的材料也可以保留下来,这样可以有效回收利用并且可以节省开支。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UUIEd8sKEoy020xMhSEcG22enpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、在进行墙体拆改的时候要注意,应该严格按照图纸指示进行拆墙、砌墙工作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SSgEd2ggkocMIWxyszpck3Gmnnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、铲地皮,有暖气的拆掉暖气,换塑钢窗。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZeskdCa0kougUmxkuB5c2vEvn03"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、在拆改结束后会留下大量垃圾,这时需要施工队员清理垃圾以便进行下一步操作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FE0Wd6sg0oIOGmx8VYjcwwxvnSg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RkC4dcgyao0eQkxMryucowURnNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、在主体拆改的过程中首先要注意的是,承重墙不可拆除,根据我国相关法律条文规定,拆改承重墙是不合法的,承重墙是作为承受上一层楼层重量的主体部分,盲目拆除的话,可能会给房屋带来濒临倒塌的危险。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DaE8d0eQUo0eMAx85V3ceLZsncb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、在混凝土中的门框不要盲目拆除,如果强制拆除的话可能会导致墙体倒塌的情况出现。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BmmsdcQk8owAeYxyHVXcjn3kn8T"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、阳台上有矮墙的话不要拆除,否则可能会导致塌陷,如果影响美观,可以另行设计安排。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A00GdiOI2owigKxIDSFcjLS9neg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、在拆除的过程中应该要注意的是,线路应该提前关闭好,对于隐藏在墙体中的线路要多加留意,提前关闭电闸是非常有必要的,避免不小心触碰导致触电危险。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZKiWdcIAioyE0IxiRqAcZvMhnab"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、居室中有些地面都是有防水层的,若是将防水层破坏的话,很容易使楼下的住户变成“水帘洞”。因此,业主在装修地面的时候需要注意的是,不要将地面防水层破坏,若是不小心破坏了的话,切记一定要重新做防水工程,并且做完后要经过“48小时渗水实验”后,如果不漏水,才算合格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AWo6dG0eCoCkyExyyGDcZYWjnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、还有燃气管道的拆改也是要慎重的,若是居民或装修人员私自拆改燃气管道、包封燃气阀门很容易造成燃气泄漏。因为,燃气管道被包封起来,气体泄漏将很难会被发现,并且气体一旦泄露的话很不容易扩散。并且在使用的时候,也没有专业的安全监测,一旦遇见明火的话必然会引起爆炸的情况发生。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMOIdOasCowoqGxOUPwcjqjInRd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"水电气改造","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TkKGdk0qKoaqGaxQVX6cgn9nn3g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水电改造是装修中重要的工程部分,很多生活中房子会出现的问题都是水电工程不达标留下的隐患。所以对于这部分的施工一定要慎之又慎,避免后期出现不必要的麻烦。另外在操作完成后,也要做好防水的相关工作,这样后期的隐患也会减轻不少。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VkiSdUseGo0yISxvL3Wcvw9lnwL"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以根据设计师的水电施工图纸进行水电改造。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RCCSdk608oomUCxawvVc2Cpwn6c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"水电改造方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S4gkdKWYioKo2yxIHeGcIyBLnbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、把关在装修的时候业主要对自己家里的布局有个全局的想法,要弄清楚家里的家具大概放什么地方,哪里放什么电器,多大的都要考虑好,这样有规划的做水电改造是很关键的,要不然会浪费很多人力物力,在设计的时候装修公司会为你出很多方案。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JqegdKCqYoYeIUxnNglcu9OYnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、买材料的时候要看是不是正规的厂家生产的合格产品,现在的水电品牌多如牛毛,业主在装修的时候不知道什么牌子,什么规格的比较好,最好是对这方面的知识有些了解,要不然让装修公司去买的话以次充好,那就得不偿失了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CKQqd6C6ioyeQkx6t08c8lN7nvb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、在进场的时候要对装修材料进行核实,看看是不是质量合格的材料,要不然装修好了就不好核实了,还有就是要对工作人员核实,看看他们是否具有水电暖施工资质,确认后才能让他们施工。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Qq8cdiS6UoaMMixSgTQcoTGUnV3"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、水电改造施工好后,要对施工的每一处细节要仔细的验收,水路验收的时候看水改是不是用金属管卡固定的,距离不能过大,浴室的出水口是不是左热右冷,距离是否达标,接口是不是水平。水电路线不能在同一槽内,每个下水口都要进行通水试验。必须要进行打压试验,时间压力要标准。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TSigdsSmeo62uoxqIVycsUfwn1e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"水电改造要点","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B8qAdUEqkoEuWMxC6AMczcPPngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、首先要确定洗澡是要站着洗还是躺着洗,用浴盆还是淋浴,尺寸要多大,卫生间能不能容得下这个尺寸,这些问题都是要影响水路的上下水设计和电路的插座位置的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Y4sQdSEEMooO0kxSa14cKhuyneh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、若是选择安装淋浴是安装淋浴房还是装浴帘,是否要安装底座,附近是否有地漏,出水口大概在什么位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IYeqdmooOoEsQSxKkSucRmwznKf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、淋浴的出水口常规设计是左热右冷,两管之间的间距要保持15cm。因为目前市面上售卖的支架式淋浴龙头比较多,这样的淋浴龙头对于出水口的间距及尺寸要求比较严格。首先要保证两个出水口的水平高度一致,还要保证两个出水口在同一水平面上。还要特别注意一点就是出水口不能设置在腰线的位置,高度也要根据家庭成员的平均身高来确定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GoewdMUQWocsC8xu6OicEEvYnYc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、二手房厨卫改造可能还涉及到地漏的移动和增加个数的问题。移动地漏需要注意一定要抬高地面,若是要安装深水封地漏,那么地面至少上抬10cm以上,可以采用局部地面抬高或是整体地面抬高的方式。在更换地漏时要注意一点,普通地漏不能作为洗衣机地漏,会出现返水现象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TQm0dmQGMooiqixyO38c4kCInCb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、坐便器移位也是卫生间拆改会遇到的问题,但切记坐便器移动的距离不能超过10cm,否则坐便器会下水不畅,容易堵。若是一定要移动坐便器的位置,那么就要从楼下改管移动马桶下水。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BecIdM8gEoiI2uxwh2bcPVw7nXe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、浴霸用风暖的还是灯暖的涉及到电路改造,因为灯暖的浴霸一般是要连5根电线,而风暖的浴霸的电线数一般是3-8根,具体看你选择什么样的型号了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XMICdOocGoS4Y6xyK6xcyqlXnYg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"厨房水电","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYWQdY4eYooMIgxmgX0caa1FnKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"厨房要预留净水机的电源、进水口、排污管道,电源一般留在进水口旁边。厨房要使用燃气热水器的,要预留燃气热水器的进、出水管,一般选择靠窗户的位置,离地1.5米高,旁边预留插座。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JYSKdY84goiE0AxWyp0cfcTYnwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"燃气表旁边预留插座,电子燃气表需要电源;厨房操作台上方要装一排插座,供电饭煲、小家电使用,一般预留3-5个插座,高度1.2米;冰箱要在离地面0.5米到1米之间设置插座,因为冰箱在使用中等30厘米的位置是释放热量的空间,所以安装时要避免这些位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A8QQdIGyAoSyaoxwXVPcgxk7nnd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"阳台水电 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JQmKdQ4u2oiQMMxwpI8c71Suntf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"阳台水电比较简单,阳台洗衣机预留冷水管,阳台洗手盆预留冷热水管。洗衣机电源预留高度在40公分。顶部预留智能晾衣架电源。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Y2IMdqE66oAcS8xULzRcB6ZknEb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"卫生间水电","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R4mKdMGIwoYQ62x8ARdcQ0dVnnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"卫生间改造的时候需要注意的比较多。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CkK8d2Ay0oWSYax4dt2cPfz9nwh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"水路:","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"洗脸盆的冷热水口2个、留热水器的进水口和出水口各1个、坐便器或蹲厕水箱接口1个、淋浴区地漏1个,如果洗衣机放卫生间,也要给洗衣机预留地漏1个。冷热水管也要保持一定的距离,否则会影响水管的保温效果,洗澡时需要等很久才有热水。一般水管铺设时,左热右冷,间距是15厘米。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AsCEdIIsIoSsmwxQ7Bscwi5Nnjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水管管道走完后要进行试水打压试验,再做防水处理。地漏安装完后马上冲水,因为担心安装过程中有水泥掉在下水管道中,时间长了受潮凝固,导致下水道不通。在卫生间墙面安装其它卫浴产品五金等,切记安装前要查阅水路电路存档照片,避开墙上的水管和电路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IEeEd2SUuoKwUmxoDHYcw3HQnTe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"电路:","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"就算安装的是普通马桶,也要在旁边预留插座,方便业主以后安装智能马桶。预留热水器的进、出水管及电源,燃气和电的随便选择,都预留好。浴室柜旁边预留插座、浴室柜上面1.8米高预留电源,镜前灯使用。注意:卫生间要使用4mm²的铜芯线。水管尽量走顶,这样既方便做防水也方便以后检修。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JCCQdMQQWosw4cxOGyHcGT2Qnjf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅卧室水电 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuuMdSCEmoEyoCxctZ1cPGm1nJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅卧室主要是要处理电路,要留意这些:客厅灯卧室灯要改成双控;客厅预留灯带、筒灯的开关及电源,开关一般放在电视墙。 电视墙电源一般留4-5个,高度在35公分,预留弱电,电视墙预留50管,挂电视时隐藏电线。在沙发的左右两边预留电源,以备手机充电,高度在40公分左右。卧室床头柜的插座抬高到60公分,方便插拔。书桌下预留多排插座。一般客厅空调一组回路,卧室空调每2台一组回路。如果业主家安装了新风或电热地暖,也要为它们准备专用回路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OeyOdk2auogm2kxuS79cYUKZnog"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":589,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅卧室水电 ","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/648f044c0be247ec8cb1dec67ffab3b8","width":939},"text":"","id":"DYEydsmyYo42CgxaK1bcaTu7nwc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"室内整体装修","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A2WmdAmKsoMaQsxqZyoczSyTnWj"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"室内整体装修包括木工、泥瓦工、油漆工的装修。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ASyOdeAOMoUcs8xCiLqckLpdnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"木工作为一道繁杂的工序,也可当作是主体修改的关键环节来对待,与水电路的改良并不冲突,有时可能还需要一些配合。木工是为业主完成房屋装修过程中的各项木质工程的工种,其人工费用占到整个家装工程人工费用的40-60%不等。目前市场上比较常规的木工定制产品有:成品套装门、定制衣柜、定制书柜、定制橱柜、定制移门等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S8k6d2acuoWEQKxAzAAclZPinBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"泥瓦工序就是大家关心的贴瓷砖这一步骤,以及墙面、地面的基层处理和各区域防水工程。这项面子工程是否有好的施工质量不但直接影响到整体装修的外观是否整洁美观,而且防水质量直接关系到业主入住后的居住质量。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O0wQdqy4Sooigmxy0UecW8EPnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"油漆工程一般是硬装即将结束的标志了,包含墙体表面处理、批腻子、砂纸打磨、刷底涂、刷涂料等步骤。油漆工程是面子工程,如果油漆工艺做的不好的话,就会留下入住后的困扰,如墙面开裂、掉漆等。所以一定要去注意施工工艺以及工艺原则,不遵守这些步骤的话就会影响家装质量了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U46GdaKIcoq6oYxqHn1cqPxFnw8"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"具体步骤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kou6dSI4QoomWKx0E2Wcuib4nVg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水电工完成之后,一般是先做木工,对其家里的石膏板等吊顶,电视背景墙以及家里需要打柜子的制作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SAomdwsu4o64IYxo9TFcRq6DnQh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅装修","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FqUydU0CIoCE0ExmO5ecPPGQnQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修客厅一般是先进行吊顶。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z86ydm0ImosQiqxeiZdcIyycnOP"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"安装客厅天花板之前,必须绘制天花板的尺寸,然后设置好天花板上的位置,用冲击钻钻洞,最后用固定的膨胀螺丝的大龙骨(木质骨架称为龙骨)。然后,将地板上的骨架固定到天花板上,使用方形条作为固定柱,水平和水平固定骨架,并根据图纸的大小切割多余的骨架,下一步是固定石膏板。建议使用十字架将石膏板固定在天花板上并用螺丝固定。有必要去除剩余的石膏板。这个屋顶差不多完了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOS8dMAGcouoimxyq4qcTvXvnQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"住宅客厅吊顶的石膏板固定后,可以进行装饰。例如,在干墙的凹槽中施加纱布以避免收缩和开裂。将装饰线固定在天花板的边缘,最后放上腻子粉或其他装饰材料。漂亮的天花板就做好了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YsQ6dSiEmoeEyCxKsWscmn8cnsg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我们装修餐厅的时候也可以选择同样的吊顶花纹,装修家具可以选择长方形餐桌,这样搭配起来比较协调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SOUodIEOEoK6Eoxe6gicWoNWnPd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":439,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅装修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1c539a7df5454972ade5b4a1e0f0a19d","width":905},"text":"","id":"VaUGdEMwGo2GMaxYp7sch1yknRe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅这一块装修还需要考虑到玄关的装修,装修玄关一般要考虑实用性,可以打造定制家具作为衣柜、鞋柜、雨伞等杂物的收纳。如南北通透类长方形小户型客厅,玄关设计要简洁;如客厅结构是长条形,可在餐厅门口设置半通透玄关,以便区分用餐空间,还可增设暖暗光源,装饰艺术长廊效果;如客厅较宽,还可有落地窗设计等。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NeW0dMSMwosuYYxeQ0ccVtH3nrg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"简单收纳玄关","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A8SsdoyYwoM8eoxSKHccDKn4nKd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":662,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅装修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f3e8f01908d846e698df1b700ddbb974","width":980},"text":"","id":"PIq0dcYqUo848MxglOEcLIqwnth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"半通透玄关","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UAO6d6QyuoSYaMxuq1FcSBBPnPc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":659,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅装修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9dfe6588d24c4f3aab24c57c09a5a1b9","width":1160},"text":"","id":"DoM6dWQSMoECIMxMfN1c602xn9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"落地窗玄关","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OoU4doMEIoeaa0xITGtcHPkGn4g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":525,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅装修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c2c49022320a45e6a4d8e914824efcfa","width":775},"text":"","id":"Jgy2dgYMioq0Scxyn7TcUXpnnQ2"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电视背景墙","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IQOKdkSyUoAgEWxOsXIcoa8qnRe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"制作电视背景墙需要选择合适的材质,不同的材质所营造的效果不同,然后根据既定的材质,考虑背景墙是侧重实用还是侧重装饰。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Di8sd4mm2ocY4QxMf1EcJG3Nnuh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"可以采用大理石雕刻出的角线做造型,然后中间贴瓷砖用瓷砖贴出造型花样。这种造型一般都是与客厅的地砖造型相呼应的。客厅使用大理石来装饰能瞬间提前档次和品质,而且时尚的质感能体现出来,大理石面的不规则花纹,原生态的自然效果也是让人喜欢的另一面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GI8ud08WiomIMaxYR9scMfIHnr3"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":400,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电视背景墙","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d29abdfaba0846039f880630a119d9ce","width":600},"text":"","id":"BUyidUmMEo8SYExeOr9ccgspncb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"还有一种做法就是用文化石做背景墙,人造文化石一般具有环保节能,质量轻的优点。其古朴,极具造型感,被年轻人所青睐。由于是用作电视墙,瓷砖尽量选用柔光砖,表面光反射没有亮光砖强烈,看电视时开灯也不会有光反射。铺贴方式也同普通砖一样简单,价格也是地砖价格经济实惠。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I26QdOce8owGM6xytbncPpm1nHr"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":400,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"电视背景墙","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fea7eb3b5693482c9f20485b51431550","width":600},"text":"","id":"U6Gido6oIouQK4xmikHcAXSan8b"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"定制家具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYaKd2QOYo4auoxuwmec7EEGnrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"如果室内面积比较小,可以考虑选择定制家具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SSksdI6eeoEQyOxAPpach1SJnXb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"目前,市场上已经出现一大批的定制家具企业。这些企业在大规模生产的基础上,将每位消费者视为一个单独的细分市场,满足单个消费者的个性需求。目前,多采用定制形式的家具主要有整体衣柜、整体书柜、整体橱柜、步入式衣帽间、入墙衣柜等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TY8kdYAuiouUA0xMNGLcP9EAn0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"定制家具的流程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EmIwdyqGgoCQkCxa8OxcONZ9nUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、一般情况下设计师会跟业主提前沟通一下,了解一下业主的想法以及生活方式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IaeodIUGcoeueUx81pLcBHUonNd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、带业主参观样品展厅,考察产品工艺和生产制作流程,交流家居配置风格需求,根据会谈详细记录分析,与业主约定初步配套方案面谈时间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PyIOdWoS6okiykxKAKHczntcnRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、完成上面两步之后要做的是上门初步测量工作,确定好家居的尺寸以及摆放的位置,之后要做的就是进行多全方位的准确测量工作,精准测算出家居的尺寸以及占地面积和摆放布局等情况。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P6Mgd4uaiog2eCxOUlNcF5jDnrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、设计师会根据现场测量的实际结果绘制出基本的家具设计图,然后跟业主沟通之后就可以初步确定设计方案了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MGYodgimMocgAKxiiHRcJe0JnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、面谈进行方案磋商,并进行调整终达到业主满意。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GQ8idAMG2o8eW2x89bEc0hP4nGd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、在家具的生产制作过程中应该随时与业主保持沟通,所采用的材料以及颜色要及时告知业主,有异议的话应该及时沟通调整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FMgMdYwEQomsMcxRWpicJItHnYv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"客厅定制家具:可以根据需求定制电视柜和储物柜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SyAadsGi2oqUAixucm6cB35Lnuf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":476,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"定制家具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/48fd220a01f941e2a5be81a2c202029d","width":603},"text":"","id":"Bc6IdkSm6oW2c0xkpBCcuhzpn6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"卧室定制家具:定制衣柜、床头柜","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BkUWdyWyso8qEwxYzJcc3kwun5b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":534,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"定制家具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0ba88325de974be3b06688678b968eb4","width":933},"text":"","id":"PGOuduuiOoqyouxU9qFcVlA7nLc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"房间的整体定制:定制飘窗、榻榻米、书柜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J0s6dGmymoaC0QxQhddcqhJsn5g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":541,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"定制家具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/66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时间就完成了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A8cydu08QoIMA4xCCzlcLl5jnff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在我们安装橱柜的时候,我们也可以将已买的水槽,灶台等送货上门安装了,然后一起进行安装。在这里大王就强调一点,燃气一定要提前开通好,因为安装完之后要进行试气的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Emg0dAYAAo4cC8xSQGTcFU7Znbc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"木门安装","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HICAd4CwUos40KxcEvdcDerdnhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"橱柜安装完之后,下一步就要进行室内门安装了,注意一点的是,室内门要是定制的话,那一定要提前一个月定制,一般安装时间就一天时间。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TmSIdw8eMocsSUxewIecd4ctnJf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"开关插座灯具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MC8MdsSy0oMwocxk8ykc2lURnPy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"壁纸贴完之后,我们就要进行开关,插座以及灯具的安装,那在此之前,我们一定要根据水电工给到的开关,插座、灯具数量进行提前购买好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TEuGdqeY0oAkiAxyAFmcJ0OVnMf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":300,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"开关插座灯具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/717a9186400e40a6a8cd233b9c646065","width":400},"text":"","id":"PeqAdIU8IoOsiyxobumcdbDzngc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"五金安装","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OsqedkcWcoE4AwxIB9vcTrN2n0d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"五金安装部分,这里主要指的是一些水龙头,卫浴挂件以及洁具、阳台的晾衣架等等安装。在这里提醒大家,五金一定要购买好的,不然后期很容易坏掉,一旦坏了,后期更换非常的麻烦然而我们安装完上下水管件。水龙头,角阀等一定要进行开关测试,看看是否有漏水的问题。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUA8dCg6soueIYxUN04cv4Tmnlg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"开荒保洁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NG8gd4ciqogomoxpaKfcrWe2nOW"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修到上一步就全部完成了,接下来我们就要对其全屋彻底的清洁打扫了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SKaIdW6eYowgsMxkBr7cNYrgntf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"窗帘安装","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S2awdi6GWoUCsSxMFoCcdVqJnxg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"此时就可以将其家里准备好的窗帘进行拿出来安装了!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NyQwdIooCoic6axCwQ7ccr3CnTd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"家具、家电进场","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KoIUdoGs2oCMSuxkDc5cig3hnzh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"完成基础装修后就开始安装家具家电了,可以把购买的沙发、床铺、冰箱、电视机等家具家电安装摆放在合适的地方。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyKwdk6OuoYyC4xWcDGcMrxXnFg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修注意事项","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JWIcdCkCQoWSeAxcVr3cUlnsnyg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、我们在装饰地板时往往注意瓷砖和地板是否美观,而忽略了踢脚线。踢脚线不仅起到保护墙面的作用,还能有画龙点睛的效果。所以我们可以选择些美观精致的踢脚线。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F884dqe8OoKWQ0x2LFdc1khwnHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、瓷砖铺好后,为了防止瓷砖间的缝隙弄脏,我们可以做填缝处理。这里小编建议尽量采用填缝剂或美缝剂来填缝,不少业主为了省钱,会使用白水泥来填缝,白水泥粉的防水性能会较差些,粘贴牢度和硬度也会较差。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZQoadcUkco6wcsxY5OfcZ65hnFe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、防水工程是重中之重的,大家在这方面要更加注意些,不过也别因小失大,忽略了地漏的排水一定要低于地面这样的地漏规则,在装修时提醒下泥水师傅就好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QKi2dw4UQoAuUsxeUG6czM86ndc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、必须考虑材料选择,卧室应选择吸声、隔音良好的装饰材料,是一个非常重要的因素。柔软美观的布贴纸、保温、吸声功能地毯是卧室的理想选择。大理石、花岗岩、地砖等冷硬材料不适合卧室使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Rc8edQqQaoQgiWxABZRciSCSnff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、卧室的主要功能是供人们休息和睡觉,功能非常重要。因此,卧室的设计必须围绕营造一个安静的休息空间,其中床是当之无愧的主角。首先要注意床的舒适性,然后包括装饰风格、布局、色彩和装饰。卧室的照明以暖黄色为基调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LkGSdsYgqo2SUixQz1XcUNo2nZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、不可忽视的饰品装饰,巧妙地在房间里装饰一些小饰品也是一个很好的方法。它不仅可以增加房间的氛围,还可以改善整个空间的气质。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WKY8du2m6owIY6x6d7ecCEO6nge"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"装修案例","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KU4odgyAaoakSexqAZJct4IOnSc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装修案例","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6fb34c2976f54b6d9e21e9d85322b8eb","width":579},"text":"","id":"BOa8dAaSgoies0xUhE5cBjXanHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这个装修一看就觉得十分简单明亮,灰白色的哑光地板的搭配白色墙面,整个房间的色调简单、干净。我们可以看到他的沙发没有使用大型转角沙发的设计,而是小型布艺沙发搭配小茶几,侧边增加软座椅的风格。这样的家居搭配更加节省空间,让室内显得大方、宽广。落地灯和吊灯的小设计加上地毯的平面几何图案明显提高了房间的格调。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G8y6dMOa4og2qExOQJEcykxGn2e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":381,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装修案例","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/49ba2eb46ffc49b4947829e95ef7f221","width":569},"text":"","id":"DgWedMQuSoA6cAxuku0cMt8VnFe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这一户虽然客厅的面积比较上一家有所减少,但是我们丝毫不会感到拥挤。因为他们将茶几去掉,改为高低小圆桌,空间上更有层次感却不占地方。对于小户型小家庭来说,一个长沙发足以容纳3-4人,若是家里来了客人就用懒人座椅招待,惬意得很。小户型想要“扁平化”,装饰上就要尽量选择素色、浅色的装修,选择相近颜色也不会让人感觉乱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TUo0dWE4aoSiw8xc8T6c3s6Enib"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":389,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装修案例","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/69b67cf74b1c4612aacfa8efa9773362","width":572},"text":"","id":"GG0ydSOycoUUacx6oq8ccSZcn0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"这家人明显在装饰上下了功夫,他们的家具选择都是四四方方的简单设计却十分考究,没有一丝多余占用的空间。而墙壁和隔断的装修分别采用了立体石砖纹路、木纹和镜面拼接的元素,时尚又富有艺术气息,适合追求高端大气的都市白领进行参考。中规中矩的家具搭配深色墙壁装修,虽然看起来色调偏暗但是完全不觉得狭窄。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JywKdc8iYo4ww4xUxZicXAsxn7b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":388,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"装修案例","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/527339fb535447368f62a126d68e0892","width":556},"text":"","id":"SuQcdUo28ogWa0xmieQcsywcncc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"最后一家的装明显相比前几家的设计感就少了很多,更适合年龄稍微大一些的人参考。一眼看上去感觉好像有一种邻家的亲切感,灰色大转角沙发和黑色亮面电视柜、黑色小茶几的搭配朴素不花哨。地板和墙壁中规中矩,墙壁没有选择“大白墙”,而是是用来墙纸和但换色的瓷砖电视背景墙,让整个家里温馨了不少。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FCOedqMMGoWeGUxGCy0cLWI7nRd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MooOdkq0YoKAcwxgRKCcdZcMnWf"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E
2. rkc温控器CB900说明书
1、下限偏差告警设置:按SET键选择显示“SLP”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数。该参数表示告警点低于主控设定点的相差值。
2、上限偏差告警设置:按SET键选择显示“SHP”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数。该参数表示告警点高于主控设定点的相差值。
3、比例范围设置:按SET键选择显示“P”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数。“P”值越大,温控器的主控继电器输出的灵敏度越低,“P”值越小,温控器的主控继电器输出的灵敏度越高。
4、积分时间设置:按SET键选择显示“I”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数。设定的积分时间越短,积分作用越强。
5、微分时间设置:按SET键选择显示“D”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数。仪表设定的微分时间越长,则以微分作用进行的修正越强。
6、比例周期设置:按SET键选择显示“T”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数。
7、自整定设置:按SET键选择显示“Aτ”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数;设置为“00”表示自整定关闭,设置为“01”表示自整定启动。
8、锁参数设置:按SET键选择显示“OK”,绿色显示屏显示锁的状态,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数;设置为“00”表示不锁,设置为“01”表示只锁主控以外的参数,设置为“02”表示所有参数全锁定。参数被锁定后,别人不能修改,需修改时要解锁,即设置为“00”。
9、主控温度上限设置:按SET键选择显示“SOH”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数;该参数表示主控继电器动作温度不能高于此值,否则,主控设定温度无效
10、温度修正设置:按SET键选择显示“SC”,绿色显示屏显示该项参数的数值,选择移位、递增、递减键设置或修改该项参数;当温控器长时间运行后产生测量偏差时,就可使用该项功能修正误差。如测量值偏小2℃时,即可设置该项参数为02,若测量值偏大2℃时,即可设置该项参数为-2。
在第二设定区时,按SET键超过5秒钟后,系统将保存设置参数并退出设定状态,返回正常状态。在设定状态设定完成后,如不按正确操作退出设定状态,30秒后,系统将自动退出设定状态,你之前所设置的参数被宣布无效
3. c700fk02温控器说明书
1、第一行数字代表所控制设备实时温度。第二行代表需要的温度,也是可以调节的。
2、左下角为温控器开关,红色灯亮就代表温控器控制的设备开始工作了。点击底部中间按钮为循环按钮。
3、点击右边上下两个按键,可以调至需要的温度。设备达到循环温度将停止工作,低于此温度值将继续亮红灯工作。
4. rkcc700温控器设置参数
低画质可以玩。
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5. xk-c700温控器说明书
热水器已成为生活中重要的一部分,给人们的生活带来极大的方便。但由于元器件自然老化、操作者的熟练程度、工作环境和工作强度等诸多因素常引发各类故障。接下来就为大家介绍如何维修热水器的问题。
电热水器
工作原理
电热水器具有结构简单、价格低、热效率高、无污染、使用方便等优点,使用寿命一般为15年左右,主要有贮水式和速热式两种。由于速热式电热水器功率高达3kW以上,且易漏电,很少有人问津;贮水式一般功率在1~2kW之间,安全方便,受到消费者喜爱。
一、贮水式电热水器
贮水式电热水器一般由箱体系统、制热系统、控制系统和进出水系统四大部分组成。下面为部分国产名牌电热水器的结构示意图。
1、箱体系统
箱体系统由外壳、内胆、保温层等构成,起到贮水保温的作用。
(1)外壳
外壳是电热水器的基本骨架,大部分部件都安装或固定在上面,所用材料有塑料、彩板、冷轧板、喷粉等几种。
(2)内胆
内胆既是盛水的容器,又是对外加热的场所,其寿命决定于内胆的材料和制造工艺。常见内胆材料有镀锌铁板、不锈钢板和钢板内涂搪瓷三种。
(3)阳级棒
贮水式电热水器中的阳极棒是一根金属镁棒,主要用来保护金属水箱不被腐蚀和阻止水垢的形成。
(4)保温层
外壳与内胆之间的保温层,起减少热损失的作用,一般采用聚氨酯发泡、玻璃棉、石棉、纤维、毡和软木等。为增强保温效果,现多采用高密度聚氨酯发泡材料充填的新工艺,充填扎实,密封保温性好,即使12h不通电,水温也仅下降2℃左右。
(5)炉膛
炉膛用于安装加热体和限温器,是由炉膛底盘、炉膛管、炉膛帽、温控管、螺孔柱焊接而成。螺孔柱经钻孔攻螺纹,用于安装镁棒。
2、制热系统
电热水器采用的电热元件多采用管状结构,为提高热效率,直接放在水中加热,形状可根据内胆结构弯成U形或其他形状,金属护套管常见为不锈钢管或铜管。电加热管在通电后,其内部高电阻电热合金丝发热,通过金属管内的绝缘填充料导热至金属套管,起加热作用。
电加热管使用时间一长,在电加热管表面容易结污垢,不仅影响发热效果,而且会产生漏电现象。为此海尔、小鸭、东宝等厂家,将热水器部分产品的电热元件改为高压耐热的陶瓷发热器,如图所示。间接加热内胆中的水(通电后,首先预热周围的空气,然后通过钢板对水加热),使水电分离,不仅无漏电之忧,且可超快速加热。
3、控制系统
电热水器的控制系统主要包括温控器和漏电保护器。
(1)温控器
电热水器中使用的温控器主要有双金属片温控器、蒸气压力式温控器和电子温控器。
(2)漏电保护器
在电热水器的漏电保护器中、将15mA确定为危险电流,超过这一数值时漏电保护器动作,正常的动作范围为15~30mA。
海尔电热水器选用的是进口漏电保护器,动作值为15mA,动作时间为0.1s。小鸭等品牌电热水器电源线带有先进的电子控制漏电保护插头,其技术参数为:额定电压220V(5OHz),额定电流10A,漏电动作范围5~10mA,漏电动作时间≤50ms,最大分断能力300A,最大负载功率2200W。
4、进、出水系统
进、出水系统由进、出水管,混合阀、安全阀和淋浴喷头等组成。
(1)混合阀
混合阀的结构如图所示。由图可知,热水器内胆出水管、混合阀、喷头和大气相通,不受混合阀冷、热阀门控制胆内压力,故称为出口敞开式。
单独打开右侧红点热水旋阀,自来水经出水管、混合阀、喷头流出,出热水,出水压力由热水阀控制;单独打开左侧蓝点冷水旋阀,自来水直接经混合阀由喷头流出冷水,出水压力由冷水阀控制。当同时打开冷热水阀门时,冷水和热水在混合阀出水口混合,适当调节冷热水阀门大小,可得到所需水温。
(2)安全阀
在自来水压力突然增高或加热水温过热,造成内胆压力超过规定耐压值时,安全阀会自动排压,以保护内胆。在加热过程中,安全阀会有缓慢的滴水现象,不是故障,是一种正常现象。
5、工作原理
贮水式电热水器的加热分单加热器加热和双加热器加热两种。前者,--般用在容积不太大的热水器中;后者、往往用于容积较大的热水器中。
二、速热式电热水器
快速热水器一般在接通电源、开启水阀后,仅需十几秒就会有充足的热水源源流出,因此也称流动式或即热式电热水器。
1、基本结构
快速热水器主要由外壳、内腔、电热元件、压力开关和温度控制等部分组成。
2、工作原理
(1)腔体式
打开进水阀门,水流入腔体。当水充满腔体后,在水压和重力作用下,使橡皮膜下凹,从而带动通过膜片中心的通水管子上端,使触点闭合接通电源,这样电阻丝通电发热,被加热的水沿通水管上开有的小孔流入管内,再经过莲蓬头喷射出来,供人们使用。当停止进水时,靠橡皮膜弹力恢复使触头断开,从而切断电源。
(2)水槽式
在未接通水源时,压力开关处于常态(触点断开),微动开关s不动作,从而继电器线圈不通电,这时整机不工作。接通水源后,因水压升高,这时压力开关触点动作,继电器KA吸合,主电路触点闭合,指示灯HL点亮,这时只要将转换开关(功率调节器)根据需要调节在适当位置,电热元件即可工作,就会有热水从莲蓬头中源源不断流出。
常见故障分析
一、电热水器检修工艺
下面以海尔电热水器为例,对电热水器的检修工艺过程介绍如下:
1、电源检查
用万用表交流电压档(~500V档)测量插座零线和火线,零线和地线是否接通,若不通为正常;反之,则电源不能使用,应修复。
(万用表使用方法图解)
2、故障检修程序
接通电源,可能出现两种情况:指示灯亮或指示灯不亮。
(1)指示灯亮:待半小时左右,水温升高10℃左右,说明热水器正常;若水温不升高,由灯亮可知,漏电保护器、超温管均正常,故障在加热器。断电后,检测加热元件,若电阻为无穷大,应更换。
(2)指示灯不亮:若灯坏应更换;灯好时,应检查温控器、超温管、加热器和漏电保护器以确定故障所在。
①对可调温型温控器,用万用表R×1档测量,在关断位置电阻为无穷大;在不同温度控制点应有不同电阻值与之对应;温控器在未动作时,触点为闭合状态,电阻近似为0,否则说明温控器损坏,应更换。
(万用表测量温控器图解)
②超温管在正常状态下,电阻为0,否则已损坏,应更换。
③用万用表检测加热器,电阻约24~48Ω,若为无穷大时,应更换加热元件。
④检查漏电保护器,应将漏电保护器打到合闸位置,灯亮,水温升高为正常;有时漏电保护器误动作,应注意观察,找出误动作原因。
(漏电保护器“合闸”状态)
若漏电保护器合不上闸,应用万用表R×100档依次检测超温管、温控器和加热器的对地电阻,表针指向∞位置为正常,表针指向0为漏电,找出漏电元件进行更换,若无漏电元件,说明漏电保护器已损坏,更换新的。
(漏电保护器“跳闸”状态)
3、安全性能测试
(1)漏电测试:重新合闸,按“试验”按钮应跳闸,漏电保护器为正常,再“合闸”灯亮。若热水器无漏电保护器,用万用表电阻档测量插头的火线与地线、零线和地线,若指示为无穷大,说明无漏电现象。
(2)泄漏电流测试:泄漏电流不应超过规定的数值,海尔小海象为0.5mA/kW,大海象、金海象为0.3mA/kW,
(3)绝缘电阻用兆欧表测量应大于50MΩ。
(4)电源的接地端与电热水器易触及金属部件之间的接地电阻应小于0.1Ω。
安全性能测试合格后,才能按工艺要求将电热水器重新安装好,投入使用。
二、电热水器常见故障分析
1、出水不热
(1)冷热水调节不当:这是由于热水阀开得太小,冷水阀开得太大造成的。应适当调节冷热水阀的开度,使出水温度适合使用。
(2)电源未接通:调整电源插头或开关,使其接触良好。若采用的是漏电保护插头,应将其“复位按钮”按下,排除以上故障若仍不能接通电源,应拆开电热水器仔细检查回路是否有导线脱落、断开等情况,若有,应及时排除。
(3)电加热器损坏:用万用表电阻档测量电热元件电阻值,正常情况下,1kW电热水器,电阻为49Ω左右;3kW,16Ω左右。功率不同的电热水器,其电热元件的阻值不同。若电阻为无穷大,说明电热元件损坏,应予更换。
(4)温控器损坏:当温控器触头接触不良或感温体内感温剂泄漏时,可引起温控器不能正常工作。对于前者可拆开压力式温控器进行修复;对于后者只好更换新的压力式温控器。
2、出水温度太高
(1)冷热水调节不当:适当调节冷热水阀的开度。
(2)温控器旋钮调节不当或触点粘连:将温控器旋钮调至温度较低处;对触点粘连的,可将温控器拆开,将粘连触点分开,并对触点进行研修、调整,经调整后,一般即可使用,必要时可进行更换。
(3)限温器失灵:检修限温器。
3、漏水
(1)管道连接处漏水:对接口密封不好造成的漏水,应重新安装接口;若属自来水压太高,应在自来水道上设置减压阀。
(2)安全阀接口漏水:是由于安全阀松扣或密封不好造成的,应重新拧紧和密封。
4、出水带电
(1)出水口接地失效:重新接好接地线,保证接地电阻小于0.1Ω。
(2)水中分布电流大:用细钢丝编织成网,包在出水口上,并与接地线良好接触。
(3)电热元件绝缘损坏或失效:更换电热元件,更换时要保持电气接触良好,有关密封部分不漏水。
(4)内部导线绝缘层损坏,搭接在外壳或内胆上:拆开电热水器,检查出导线绝缘层损坏的部分,进行更换。
5、进水困难
(1)脏堵:主要是由于自来水水质不好,杂质超量,堵住进水口的逆止阀。设有进水滤网的热水器大都是滤网孔被堵。在确定水压正常后,关闭自来水供水总阀,清理管路,冲出胜物或清洗滤网。
(2)汽堵:常见于密闭水箱贮水式电热水器中。其特征是:热水阀打开后,喷出大量水蒸气,此时应将调温器调到最小位置或切断电源,先将蒸汽从热水阀排出,然后打开冷水进水阀,使热水器排水,降低水温,再检修温控器;若热水阀打开后,热汽断续流出,量很小,一般是脏堵造成的。此时应开大热水阀和冷水进水阀,以降低水温,待水温降低后,检查热水阀是否脏堵,洗净后冷水便会从热水阀流出。
(3)供水压力不正常:当供水管路因水压下降,供水压力低于贮水压力,逆止阀不能被顶开,会造成进水困难。这种故障,待水压正常后,故障即自行消失。
保养
使用一段时间后,应取下喷头,按安装方法进行冲洗。长期使用后,若升温慢,应检查电热元件是否结垢,若结垢,可用去垢剂清除水垢。
若漏水,应更换相应的橡胶密封圈。
若加热时蒸汽冒出,则表明恒温器失效。或感温头脱出,应关闭电路,经检查修复后再用。
加热时因水的膨胀,喷头有时会有少量热水溢出,这属正常现象,不必过分用力拧紧热水阀,以免加速损坏密封圈。
自来水阀可使用不带手轮的阀门或者安装好后取下手轮,以防误关此阀,导致水箱缺水而烧毁电热丝。
燃气热水器
结构
目前,家用快速燃气热水器常见为壁挂式,适合淋浴使用,主要由水路系统、燃气系统、热交换系统、排烟系统和安全装置五大部分组成。其结构示意图如下所示。
(1)水路系统主要包括进水阀、水膜阀等,其中水膜阀是关键部件,起控制水气联动装置的作用,当水源切断后立即切断燃气;水阀是控制冷水进入热水器流量大小的装置,水阀燃烧器在同样工作状态下,流量大的,输出热水温较低,反之则水温升高。
(2)燃气系统主要包括燃气调节阀、水气联动阀、常明火、主燃烧器。其中主燃烧器是热水器供热的主要部件;水气联动阀是由水流的压力差控制气阀的开启以防止空烧。燃气调节阀可调节进入主燃烧器气量,以达到调节水温的目的。
(3)热交换系统主要包括腔体、集热片和弯管。
(4)排烟系统包括热水器外壳、排气烟管和排烟口等。燃烧后的烟气,须经过排烟系统排出。
(5)安全装置主要包括由热电偶和电磁阀组成的熄火保护、缺氧保护、水气联动阀防止空烧、排水阀防止过水压和冻裂。
下面重点介绍燃气热水器主要部件结构原理。
一、点火装置
点火装置的作用是点燃小火(常明火)并保持其燃烧。当按下点火按钮时,小火管有燃气流出,此时点火器工作,点燃旁边的小火。燃气热水器的点火方式主要有压电陶瓷点火和电脉冲点火两种。
二、水气联动阀
水气联动阀是保证燃气热水器安全使用的重要部件,其主要作用是:当水压足够,水在热交换器中流动时,燃气才能进入主燃烧器进行燃烧;而当水流停止或压力不足时,自动切断燃气供给,以防因缺水面燃坏热水器。
三、燃烧器
1、常明火为点燃主燃烧器作准备,常明火有单独的燃气通路。同时常明火加热熄火保护装置中的热电偶,使电磁阀开闭燃气阀门。当由热电偶或双金属片构成的熄火保护装置一旦检测到常明小火熄灭,熄火保护装置将自动切断气源。
常明火点火管一般用铜管或不锈钢制成,为保证燃烧的稳定,大多采用大气式燃烧方式,即燃烧前预混一部分空气,由于这种燃烧方式火焰短而稳定,用它加热热电偶或热双金属片时,热量集中,不易产生误动作。
2、主燃烧器是燃气热水器提供热源的主要部件,热负荷较大,火力强而且集中,火焰高度实短不宜长,一般采用大气式燃烧器来满足要求,而且大多不设一次调节装置。
四、热交换器
燃气热水器的热交换器主要有两种类型,板管式和翅片管式。由不锈钢或导热性良好的紫铜片、紫铜管制成。
五、熄火保护装置
熄火保护装置的主要功能,是在燃气热水器的点火燃烧器(又称常明火)因故熄火后,在数密封秒钟后能自动动作,关闭燃气阀门。有机械和电磁两种结构形式,分别称为双金属片和热电偶熄火保护装置。
六、缺氧保护装置
此装置上有两只热电偶,正向热电偶与熄火安全装置热电偶基本相同(参数为:25℃内阻为(8.8±2)MΩ,700℃热电势20mV);反向热电偶由两根裸露电偶丝组成,材质与正向热电偶相同,但它的工作温度较低,氧化作用不很明显,它的安装位置是保证热电偶正常工作的重要条件(参数为:25℃内阻18±2MΩ,700℃热电势6mV)。
在使用过程中,周围环境氧气含量不足或换热器栅板阻塞时,会造成燃烧器不完全燃烧,这时燃烧器火焰拉长,火焰温度降低,两只热电偶产生的电势差较少,当环境氧气含量低于18%时,此装置动作,关闭燃气气路,避免造成二氧化碳中毒事故,此装置使用寿命大于6000h,使用次数大于100000次。
七、防空烧(过热)安全装置
此装置所用传感器为正温度系数的热敏电阻。当燃气热水器出现空烧时,因热敏电阻此时已呈“高阻”状态,使通过电磁阀电流很小,在弹簧力作用下,铁心与衔铁分离,关闭燃气气路。
八、电磁阀
在燃气热水器安全装置中,燃气气路的通、断是由电磁阀控制的。
九、水温调节装置
调温轴(水阀芯)的控制原理是通过调节水量增减,来达到调节水温目的。例如,欲提高淋浴水温时,将调温轴调向“高温”位置,实际上是关小水阀芯的开启度,使进水量减少,则出口的温度则会增加。
十、燃气泄漏报警装置
当燃气热水器或配套设备发生燃气泄漏时,通过气敏传感器检测出一定浓度的燃气,发出声光报警信号,提醒用户排除故障或停止使用,避免造成火灾或中毒事故。先进的泄漏报警装置,在报警的同时自动开启风机通风换气,迅速排除室内燃气,防止事故的发生和扩大。
工作原理
打开燃气气阀,燃气进人阀门内,按动点火按键,点火微动开关、快速微动开关启动,点火头产生连续电火花,电磁阀线圈强行通人吸合电流,由气阀杆推动,电磁阀被吸住,气路打开,燃气从点火燃烧器和长明火燃烧器流出,被点火器的连续火花点燃,经常明火火焰加热的熄火保护装置的热电偶产生热电势,在强制吸合电流断开时,保持电磁阀处于吸合状态。点火键复位,并关闭与点火键连动的点火器阀门,此时点火器的火焰熄灭,仅保留常明火焰,这样,燃气到达水气连动阀的气阀前面。
打开水龙头,冷水进入水气连动阀的水阀内,经调温旋钮进入热交换器,同时有一部分水从调温旋钮分流,进人混合管,因水气连动阀内的膜片受水压作用,推开水气连动阀的气阀。燃气经燃气调节阀、燃烧器调节旋钮,从主燃烧器流出,被常明火点燃。流向热交换器的水,被主燃烧器的火焰加热成热水,经混合水管的冷水混合,就可从供热水龙头流出适合使用的热水。
当关闭出水口时,水气连动阀内的压差消失,从而关闭了水气连动阀的气阀,主燃烧器的火焰熄灭,热水停止流出,按下熄火键,点火键复位,关闭主气阀,常明火熄灭。此时熄火安全装置的热电偶的热电势下降,电磁阀关闭。
下图为沈乐满牌SR-5型后制式燃气热水器电气原理图,供参考。
故障检修
一、常见故障分析
1、打不着火或打火困难
(1)刚打开气源时,由于气管内空气尚未排空,短时间内难以打火,只要多打几次,让气管内的空气排空后,便能成功点火。
(2)喷嘴堵塞:在打火时有火星,而无法点燃火种,表明喷嘴有堵塞,此时只要将喷嘴进行清理即可。
(3)点火针破裂或松动:多数热水器点火针绝缘体是用陶瓷制作的,若陶瓷破裂或点火针松动,就会造成没有对着火种进行点火,打不着火。此时应更换点火针或对点火针进行调整位置。
(4)压电陶瓷失效手动式热水器一般是采用压电陶瓷点火,若点火时无点火火花,通常是压电陶瓷损坏造成的,应及时进行更换。
(5)水动式热水器电磁阀损坏,点火时,有火星而点不着火,此时先检查电磁阀接线是否良好,若未发现接线不良,应更换电磁阀。
(6)水动式热水器点火时无火星此时按顺序检查电池是否有电或装反,电池盒是否有接触不良,微动开关是否损坏,电脉冲发生器和接线是否有故障。排除故障后即可点火。
2、中途燎火
(1)热电偶与电磁阀接触不良或失效:若在热水器使用过程中,偶然中途熄火,说明热电偶与电磁阀接触不良,此时应紧固两者的联接螺母;当热水器打火后,中途熄火的时间都较接近时,表明热电偶已开始失效,应尽早更换。当热水器每次中途熄火的时间不规则时,表明火种与热电偶的位置不太准确,应调整。
(2)燃气气压不稳定:适当调整气源压力或清洗火种喷嘴。
(3〉保护装置动作:当直排式热水器使用时间过长,且室内换气较差时,或热交换器(水箱)长期没有清洗而造成严重积炭,保护装置便会自动关闭气源,导致熄火。对于前者,需打开门窗,使室内空气流通,对于后者需定期(每年1~2次)清洗热交换器。
(4)水动式热水器离子感应针被污染:若每次使用时,都要打2~3次火,应对感应针进行清洗,若经清洗,还有同样的问题出现,说明感应针的材质或电子点火器质量不良,应及时更换。
3、漏气
漏气主要是由于密封用的密封圈破损老化或配合不严造成的。
(1)进水接头安装不良而漏气:重新安装平面胶圈,上紧并紧固气接头。
(2)气阀体上联接面漏气:更换密封胶圈。
(3)气阀芯上的润滑脂干而漏气:清洗气阀芯,重新均匀涂上润滑脂(二硫化钼),以确保气阀芯不再漏气。
4、漏水
(1)防冻排水阀经多次拆装,密封胶圈裂损造成的漏水,应更换胶圈,并注意平日装拆不应用力过大。
(2)水阀芯胶圈因长期使用磨损严重造成的漏水,只要更换胶圈便可正常使用。
(3)水阀顶轴胶圈处比较容易漏水,若是水动式热水器,水会直接流到微动开关处造成打不着火,因此胶圈磨损,应及时更换。
(4)连接热水器的冷、热水软管和淋浴器的漏水,较易发现,经简单维修或更换便能使用。
(5)供水压力过高,可更换高压热水器或在进水阀前加装节流阀。
(6)热水器“空烧”造成漏水。这时,关闭热水器水阀时,主燃烧器不熄灭,造成“空烧”或回火,易烧化焊锡,严重时烧穿紫铜管,造成漏水,此故障应更换热盘管。
5、产生红火或冒黑烟
(1)燃烧器内存污物:将细铁丝尖部弯曲,从引射口处插入燃烧器内,反复旋转,进行清理。也可将燃烧器拆下来,用水冲浇。
(2)燃气压力不足:应设法提高其供气压力。另外,有时因天气潮湿,也会产生红火,待天气好转时又恢复正常。
(3)气路不畅造成缺氧:清理气路中的异物,并开机(换气扇、排风扇、开窗等)通风。
6、出水温度过低
(1)供气压力不足:这是造成出水温度过低的主要原因,应调整减压阀。若是管道燃气,可通知供气部门调整;若是热水器流量大,使供气管或煤气表负荷满足不了热水器的耗气量,应更换较大的煤气表或更换流量较小的热水器。
(2)喷嘴堵塞造成火焰变小:清理喷嘴。
(3)水阀橡胶膜有小的破裂:使水气联动阀门开度不足,造成燃烧火力不强,出水温度过低。应更换橡胶膜。
(4)部分地区水压较大,使水流经热交换器时间较短,出水温度过低,应适当调小水量。
7、火种留不住
(1)火种供气管堵塞:当点燃火种时,手松开也不见火种,尔后能听到电磁阀释放声,说明火种供气管堵塞,对此可进行疏通。
(2)热电偶或电磁阀损坏:检查时,按下点火按钮,不见火种,也听不到电磁阀动作声,说明热电偶或电磁阀损坏。电磁阀的损坏一般是线圈断路,可用万用表检查。若电阻为无穷大,对此可进行更换;对热电偶应检查连接导线有无断路,再检查热电偶是否移位,并擦净表面氧化物;最后检查热电偶是否失效,方法是:将热电偶从固定夹中卸出悬空,用万用表pA档串入,用打火机给热电偶加热,15s后若电流很小(接近为0),说明热电偶失效,应更换。
(3)热电偶性能变差:点火按钮松开后有火种,但不久会自动熄灭,是因热电偶性能变差引起的,这时可将热电偶调到最佳受热位置,一般就可排除,必要时,更换热电偶。
8、主燃烧器不能点燃
(1)水压不足:引起水压不足的原因,一是当地水压不足,二是杂物堵塞水道。对于后者可清理过滤网内的杂质。
(2)主燃烧器的燃气管道被堵塞:进行疏通。
(3)水气联动阀的隔膜室隔膜穿孔:隔膜穿孔后,无法推动顶杆打开主燃烧器的燃气阀塞。修理时,拆开阀体,拆下膜片上的铜螺栓和垫片,更换同规格的新隔膜。
(4)水气联动阀的铜顶杆长期与水、燃气接触,造成氧化折断:更换新配件,也可用不锈钢材料按同样规格制成顶杆进行更换。
(5)隔膜室螺钉松动:松动后,造成隔膜室漏水,水压下降,顶杆无法打开燃气阀塞,对此可紧固隔膜室螺钉。效果不好时,可拆开隔膜室,在接合面周围涂上一层粘补胶,然后再紧固螺钉,干燥固化后即可使用。
(6)隔膜室中的压差平衡弹簧折断:更换新配件。
9、随着“叭”的一声响,全机熄灭
(1)点燃正常10s后出现声响和熄灭﹑这多是热电偶损坏造成的。检查时,用气体打火机燃烧热电偶尖端,用万用mV档测量两端电压,正常为20mV左右,若为0,说明热电偶损坏,应更换。
(2)正常使用10min后,出现声响和熄灭,这多是缺氧造成的,应及时补充新鲜空气。
10、关闭热水阀后,主燃烧器熄火
(1)燃气阀塞被水气连动阀顶杆卡住,打开水气连动阀,清理阀内顶杆表面的水锈,涂上润滑油,重新装好。
(2)压差平衡器的眼孔被管道内异物堵塞拆开阀壳,疏通眼孔。
11、热水水流不畅、水温偏高
(1)水温调节旋钮使用不当:检查水温旋钮是否置于需要的位置上,位置有误时,应予纠正(温度“最高”为水流最小,温度“最低”为水流最大)。
(2)水温调节失控:若是旋钮错位引起阀芯开度和指示温度不一致,应及时调整,必要时更换滑牙的旋钮;水温控制阀阀杆和阀芯密封件老化损坏时,会引起水流不畅,应更换密封件。
12、炮火保护装置失灵
(1)热电偶的探头和点火燃烧器的位置不当:调整时,可稍松一下固定热电偶探头的螺钉,将探头移至点火燃烧温度较高的位置,进行反复点火试验,直至电磁阀吸合,再将紧固螺钉拧紧。
(2)热电偶与电磁阀之间的连接螺母松动:将松动的螺母拧紧即可。
(3)热电偶损坏:若热电偶断线或发生在热点上的短路,一般是无法修复的,应进行更换。方法是:拧开与电磁阀连接的螺母,并松开探头在点火燃烧器旁的螺钉,拆下热电偶。更换新热电偶时,先将它与电磁阀连接的螺母拧紧,再将偶线弯成需要的形状.将探头固定在点火燃烧器附近温度较高的位置,装好后进行点火试验,确认电磁阀动作后,再进一步拧紧螺钉、螺母。
(4)电磁阀吸合电流变大:这多是由于衔铁极面被气源腐蚀和污染造成的。电磁阀吸合时间,刚出厂时,5s即可吸合。使用中的燃气热水器,电磁阀若在点火后30s还不吸合,就应进行去污或更换处理。
(5)电磁阀线圈断、短路或衔铁移位:这类故障,一般很难修复,应更换同型号电磁阀,更换方法见前。
13、调节水温的方法
(1)调节进气阀控制燃气进量,可调节水温。
(2)调节水温调节器,可控制出水温度。
(3)调节自来水阀控制最大水流量,可调节最低温度。
(4)水气连动阀还有自动控温的作用。
14、水垢的清除方法
水垢产生后,会使热水器热效率降低,同时还会使热水器管径变小,热水产率下降,水温过高,甚至会产生局部堵塞。为此应一年左右清洗一次,清洗的方法很多,下面仅介绍一种简单实用的方法。
(1)买一袋铝壶―次清除水垢剂,将其倒人约1.2L饮料瓶中,并加人约1L温水,搅拌均匀。
(2〉按图所示连接好。打开水温开关,用手挤压饮料瓶,待除垢液进入热水器,并从进水管流出时,关闭水温开关。
(3)点燃热水器常明小火,对除垢液加温,待10~15min后,关闭常明小火,打开水温开关,将饮料瓶中剩下的除垢液全部流入热水器并从进水口排出(可重复几次)。
(4)卸下饮料瓶,接好进水管,打开冷水阀门,用清水将热水器管道内残余的水垢及除垢液冲洗干净即可。
15、水动式热水器有水流出,但不点火
水动式热水器是在打开进水阀门或热水阀门时,热水器便会自动点火,数秒钟后便有热水产生。当有水流而不点火时,其故障原因是多种多样的,可以按以下步骤进行检查并排除故障。
(1)打开水源开关,查看指示灯是否有亮,如果红色亮,表明电池已达到无电状态,需更换电池;如果绿色亮,但无“嗒,嗒,嗒”响声及点火火花,表明点火器高压包烧毁或高压线脱落,应重新连接高压线或更换点火器;如果指示灯不亮又无点火火花出现、应检查有没有安装电池或电池是否装反,如果电池安装正常,则需检查电源连线是否可靠,发现情况应及时排除。
(2)当所有电导线未发现异常时,先检查微动开关〈有的热水器用水动磁控开关),用手按动微动开关或直接用导线(或旋具)进行短路连接,此时如果有点火动作,则证明是微动开关故障或开关拨片位置不对,应予以更换或调整。如果按动或短路微动开关,均无点火动作,则是点火器的故障,需更换点火器。
(3)当打开水源开关后有点火火花而没有着火时,应先检查点火针位置是否对准燃烧器,然后再检查电磁阀的连线连接是否良好,同时可根据该热水器的用电池情况,对电磁阀接入3V(或1.5V)的直流电压,查看燃烧器是否着火,如有着火,则表明点火器输出电流不足,需更换;如未有着火,则表明电磁阀有故障,也需更换。
(4)如果上述几种方法都无法查出原因时,就要检查其他的安全保护装置,例如,过热保护装置是否熔断或开路;防止不完全燃烧装置的热电偶是否反接或开路;水气联动装置是否活动自如(反复开、关水源、微动开关拨片应左右移动,如果不动作则是水阀膜片穿孔或联动杆卡死等)。
(5)在各项检查前应先检查气源是否开启,连接气源的气管是否折叠或太长,如果气管太长,应先多点火几次,让气管内的空气排空后,方可点火成功。
16、开水不着火或低温时熄火
(1)水压偏低因水压低,而无法打开水气联动阀,燃气就无法出来被点燃。
(2)水阀的橡胶薄膜破损、变形或偏心更换橡胶薄膜。
(3)进水管滤网堵塞、淋浴喷头堵塞以及水阀内的文氏管松动︰平时必须经常清理。使热水器保持较佳使用状态。
17、开水熄火或未开水着火
(1)冷热水阀门漏水或关闭不严,使热水器内有一定水压,打开水气联动阀而造成此故障更换或关严冷、热水阀门。
(2)水气联动阀内顶杆被卡死,或长期停用顶杆被粘着,胶圈变形造成顶杆运动缓慢而不熄火拆下顶杆清洗,并加润滑油。
(3)水气联动阀的气阀门弹簧器日久弹力不足更换弹簧。
(4)水阀进水管因无滤网,造成杂质卡死水阀顶轴而不炮火﹑先清洗干净水阀内部,再在进水管补加滤网,以保证水质干净。
二、故障代码与解决方案
现在很多产品都自带有自检功能,会根据提示告诉你产品出现了什么问题,让用户能快速找到问题,并且解决问题,相当的智能化人性化。
保养
一、使用时应经常检查常明火是否正常工作,有无阻塞;如火焰微弱,应立即关闭燃气气源开关,待清除垢物后,再行点燃。
二、热水器使用一段时间(一般为半年左右)后,应对水管、燃气管、容积式热水器的水箱等进行除垢,以防过滤网(见下图)被堵。水箱有沉积物,会影响热水器的正常使用。
三、每隔数月,应清除热水器排气口、进气排气筒、热交换器及周围积炭和灰垢。如果发现大量积炭或有许多阻塞物时,可将热水器卸下,倒过来轻轻清除,也可用自来水冲洗,冲洗时严禁将水溅到燃烧器喷嘴和常明火上,待干燥后再安装使用。
四、一般情况下,热水器使用一年后,应对其做一次全面检查,查清供气和供水系统的各个装置是否完好、正常,有无漏气、漏水等异常现象。
五、如使用的水质较硬,应在热水器的前端装配一水质软化装置,并及时清除热交换盘管(即蛇形管)或水箱的水垢。
六、经常擦试外壳。
太阳能热水器
结构原理
太阳能热水器一般由集热器、贮热装置、循环管路、辅助装置及淋浴喷头等部分组成。
一、集热器
集热器是太阳能热水器的关键部件,其性能好坏,对热水器的性能起着决定性的作用。按收集太阳能的不同原理,可分为平板型集热器和聚光型集热器两种。聚光型集热器只能聚集太阳的直射辐射能,需要对太阳进行跟踪,增加了装置成本,只有在需要附到较高温度等特殊场合使用;平板型集热器是目前应用较广泛的一种,它不仅能吸收太阳的直射辐射,还可以收集太刚的散射辐射。
二、贮热装置
贮热装置通常作为短期贮存热水、减少热损失的容器,贮热效果主要取决于装置保温性能的好坏。
三、循环管路
循环管路的作用是连通集热器、贮热水箱,形成一个完整的循环加热系统。
四、辅助装置
辅助装置的作用是使整个热水器装置能正常工作,并通过仪表加以显示。辅助装置包括水位显示装置、温度显示装置、循环泵、控制系统及辅助热源等。
故障检修
一、太阳能热水器的常见故障及排除方法见下表。
二、故障代码与解决方案
保养
必须经常保持集热器上盖的清洁;要防止空晒;使用一定时间后,应进行清洁处理,排除沉积的污垢;冬季停用时,必须将集热器及管道中的水排净,以防冻裂。
以上就是对热水器如何维修问题的介绍,希望能对您有所帮助!
%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"热水器已成为生活中重要的一部分,给人们的生活带来极大的方便。但由于元器件自然老化、操作者的熟练程度、工作环境和工作强度等诸多因素常引发各类故障。接下来就为大家介绍如何维修热水器的问题。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOoMdgI2YoYWSexY7dVcZ2pMnDd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"电热水器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWYwdY2W6ouAUKxOM9McpuPzneg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KygedMsoWoOKu6x4dTRcL1OenQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电热水器具有结构简单、价格低、热效率高、无污染、使用方便等优点,使用寿命一般为15年左右,主要有贮水式和速热式两种。由于速热式电热水器功率高达3kW以上,且易漏电,很少有人问津;贮水式一般功率在1~2kW之间,安全方便,受到消费者喜爱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ee2WdOOIcoMkMwxC0wkctSSEnMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一、贮水式电热水器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GoEkdemA8ocwCSxl8dwcMZCjnbW"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"贮水式电热水器一般由箱体系统、制热系统、控制系统和进出水系统四大部分组成。下面为部分国产名牌电热水器的结构示意图。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GkCcdGS2goU480xczSccDttDnTf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":485,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1ed7f139bafc4003b23a89038aa95292","width":692},"text":"","id":"GMuEdek0Io6GIAxyk5fcJcirnBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"、箱体系统","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EmSodaAs8oQwsCxm4VtcHuyGnMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"箱体系统由外壳、内胆、保温层等构成,起到贮水保温的作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XKUAdWCA4oEOesx0cKccGcX2nDf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)外壳","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PgCUdIyWwoy2MsxgjB3cgHIxn6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"外壳是电热水器的基本骨架,大部分部件都安装或固定在上面,所用材料有塑料、彩板、冷轧板、喷粉等几种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZQScdAQSmoCkwkxYTK5cEPeSnUg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)内胆","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LSwIdU4eIowMc6xGwblc81Klnyg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"内胆既是盛水的容器,又是对外加热的场所,其寿命决定于内胆的材料和制造工艺。常见内胆材料有镀锌铁板、不锈钢板和钢板内涂搪瓷三种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqwgdA6oQoAe48xALuqcsNBan4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)阳级棒","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IS8ydEOwMomQq8x477ecrmyHn2X"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"贮水式电热水器中的阳极棒是一根金属镁棒,主要用来保护金属水箱不被腐蚀和阻止水垢的形成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A8g4ds2g6oaoG2xkxhgcFS0znXe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)保温层","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VcAadA6GWoSsi8xeq3oclbUNnod"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"外壳与内胆之间的保温层,起减少热损失的作用,一般采用聚氨酯发泡、玻璃棉、石棉、纤维、毡和软木等。为增强保温效果,现多采用高密度聚氨酯发泡材料充填的新工艺,充填扎实,密封保温性好,即使12h不通电,水温也仅下降2℃左右。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S4A2dOigWogGksxgDD2cEGsUnth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)炉膛","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CAcCdSEWqo4YOkxgrLDcRJQQn3f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"炉膛用于安装加热体和限温器,是由炉膛底盘、炉膛管、炉膛帽、温控管、螺孔柱焊接而成。螺孔柱经钻孔攻螺纹,用于安装镁棒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HIOGdU04SocMegxOSCkc7YIlnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2、制热系统","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MUCAdGGQWo4aSixIXogcaeuOnBe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电热水器采用的电热元件多采用管状结构,为提高热效率,直接放在水中加热,形状可根据内胆结构弯成U形或其他形状,金属护套管常见为不锈钢管或铜管。电加热管在通电后,其内部高电阻电热合金丝发热,通过金属管内的绝缘填充料导热至金属套管,起加热作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wsu0dye0SoYyS2xEFYEcucQpnDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电加热管使用时间一长,在电加热管表面容易结污垢,不仅影响发热效果,而且会产生漏电现象。为此海尔、小鸭、东宝等厂家,将热水器部分产品的电热元件改为高压耐热的陶瓷发热器,如图所示。间接加热内胆中的水(通电后,首先预热周围的空气,然后通过钢板对水加热),使水电分离,不仅无漏电之忧,且可超快速加热。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mi4WdcQ0aogw8qxS4dOcysZnnyc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":834,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4b3cc4067eb243bea2fe1a07e4f33158","width":1495},"text":"","id":"IG20dsouAoA6ucxi40TcCh31nvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"3、控制系统","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HyEEdsimwoQyKIxqgtMcRDCrnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电热水器的控制系统主要包括温控器和漏电保护器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S8s4dwgoEo0uOOxAfqYcRpRKnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)温控器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZeG0dUggeocA4XxaLXMcRebMncH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"电热水器中使用的温控器主要有双金属片温控器、蒸气压力式温控器和电子温控器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IcGUduo6Wo8IYaxGGumcl4mtnVd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":720,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d45ae36f068d41a9801db870951e9a5f","width":801},"text":"","id":"NIMIdqMS0o004uxMBSEc6U2jnOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)漏电保护器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KGqGdSwy6oAaqAxJD5GcQ6ZUnEW"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在电热水器的漏电保护器中、将15mA确定为危险电流,超过这一数值时漏电保护器动作,正常的动作范围为15~30mA。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OUG6di2y8ouWGqxiorTcob2Jnlc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"海尔电热水器选用的是进口漏电保护器,动作值为15mA,动作时间为0.1s。小鸭等品牌电热水器电源线带有先进的电子控制漏电保护插头,其技术参数为:额定电压220V(5OHz),额定电流10A,漏电动作范围5~10mA,漏电动作时间≤50ms,最大分断能力300A,最大负载功率2200W。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZU2idaWugo0GYOxgnN2cUfXIn4e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e1fde3f53c6e4c828c774f1ace78784a","width":768},"text":"","id":"TYMWdUC4OocYu8xOCKCccvJWnnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"4、进、出水系统","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ky6ediEagoKsqQxGIZScNYd6nJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"进、出水系统由进、出水管,混合阀、安全阀和淋浴喷头等组成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N6YmdMAUCoigsSxaYtzctAlPnJf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)混合阀","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LEcWdcseaoIIekxLMrpc6eL4njr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"混合阀的结构如图所示。由图可知,热水器内胆出水管、混合阀、喷头和大气相通,不受混合阀冷、热阀门控制胆内压力,故称为出口敞开式。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XoQUdumU4o0Cwixu2NAcJhcEnNH"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":744,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f948916cdd73493fbd760ee2c8fbdf5e","width":887},"text":"","id":"GcYodwiKio28qIxI3rZcrg7OnEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"单独打开右侧红点热水旋阀,自来水经出水管、混合阀、喷头流出,出热水,出水压力由热水阀控制;单独打开左侧蓝点冷水旋阀,自来水直接经混合阀由喷头流出冷水,出水压力由冷水阀控制。当同时打开冷热水阀门时,冷水和热水在混合阀出水口混合,适当调节冷热水阀门大小,可得到所需水温。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CMIEdCiO0oCiMuxsjuGcOCZ4nUf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)安全阀","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eum6dA6iQoGYOcxOUPKc3d3Tnfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在自来水压力突然增高或加热水温过热,造成内胆压力超过规定耐压值时,安全阀会自动排压,以保护内胆。在加热过程中,安全阀会有缓慢的滴水现象,不是故障,是一种正常现象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YGCEdWowUoieUkxKyNwcIBctnUg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":425,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b41181aa1d5a4c8d875265320248ecf3","width":745},"text":"","id":"RYIMdu4Cqoc4EGxwXfncl2GZnZd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"5、工作原理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GmyedIIOqoeae6xUNwZcy3jHn2d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"贮水式电热水器的加热分单加热器加热和双加热器加热两种。前者,--般用在容积不太大的热水器中;后者、往往用于容积较大的热水器中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OWqSdAaAioQkWMxEVekc7UZtncg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、速热式电热水器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DSKod68S0o20WSxqC48c6n8enme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"快速热水器一般在接通电源、开启水阀后,仅需十几秒就会有充足的热水源源流出,因此也称流动式或即热式电热水器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VU0Kdg0uMoC8ogx6azGccJl1nIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1、基本结构","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DecCdoQWWok8a2xi2Wccp2g6npb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"快速热水器主要由外壳、内腔、电热元件、压力开关和温度控制等部分组成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DICsdMQ2uoKQmUx2RktcUhz5nEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2、工作原理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NSy4duKQKouamqxsB9XcQ3NAn0f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)腔体式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CWawdoSououGGAxSM2vcAyuznwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打开进水阀门,水流入腔体。当水充满腔体后,在水压和重力作用下,使橡皮膜下凹,从而带动通过膜片中心的通水管子上端,使触点闭合接通电源,这样电阻丝通电发热,被加热的水沿通水管上开有的小孔流入管内,再经过莲蓬头喷射出来,供人们使用。当停止进水时,靠橡皮膜弹力恢复使触头断开,从而切断电源。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SEwWdwcICoEuA0xO02FcSwJ0nZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)水槽式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IKYIdQOSOow86cxE6smc1JNZnPM"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在未接通水源时,压力开关处于常态(触点断开),微动开关s不动作,从而继电器线圈不通电,这时整机不工作。接通水源后,因水压升高,这时压力开关触点动作,继电器KA吸合,主电路触点闭合,指示灯HL点亮,这时只要将转换开关(功率调节器)根据需要调节在适当位置,电热元件即可工作,就会有热水从莲蓬头中源源不断流出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ow6CdMSQAoOCqCxM6DjcLzpenWc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":594,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c5ef3ba42b5c4b979caf872e28067009","width":1499},"text":"","id":"Nu4qdWYGkosu2wxeIb9clBTGnFb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"常见故障分析","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NqkSdA84CosOaWx8gStc7Vy5nDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一、电热水器检修工艺","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O0yod2SIYoCMSexOItkcwiQIn5g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面以海尔电热水器为例,对电热水器的检修工艺过程介绍如下:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T08IdKAKUo0ycsxg7aVcNhtqn5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1、电源检查","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KYw2dIQOcoQO6WxCYELc3LXjncf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用万用表交流电压档(~500V档)测量插座零线和火线,零线和地线是否接通,若不通为正常;反之,则电源不能使用,应修复。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FoS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","id":"C42edkkIMoCGU2xsZCKcyowcnQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)绝缘电阻用兆欧表测量应大于50MΩ。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TqKydyGSyoAU06xo3gFcIHZVnTd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)电源的接地端与电热水器易触及金属部件之间的接地电阻应小于0.1Ω。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FIeWdmCcIoeaIexOycccnczpncd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"安全性能测试合格后,才能按工艺要求将电热水器重新安装好,投入使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NQWGdGC8IoecOMxKEzNcQiLZnLc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、电热水器常见故障分析","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqwGd8oYio8QMUx0EOwcTS1unMe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1、出水不热","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Hiw0d8O2aoyyOQxcn0ScY4iwnGe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)冷热水调节不当:这是由于热水阀开得太小,冷水阀开得太大造成的。应适当调节冷热水阀的开度,使出水温度适合使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NKgWdIieuo4EkIx2PHZc87npnDd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"常见故障分析","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/255d3584b2d943dd9dac61833a768876","width":877},"text":"","id":"LgIsd08suoSgcqx6nqrczDq4nDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)电源未接通:调整电源插头或开关,使其接触良好。若采用的是漏电保护插头,应将其“复位按钮”按下,排除以上故障若仍不能接通电源,应拆开电热水器仔细检查回路是否有导线脱落、断开等情况,若有,应及时排除。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DqUUdkwm4o8sUwx8Vg6c8eOjnkd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":430,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"常见故障分析","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7525bc62aad642a98962870140d6b9c4","width":602},"text":"","id":"LiOydYyacoMOaExcx55cYrvunVe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)电加热器损坏:用万用表电阻档测量电热元件电阻值,正常情况下,1kW电热水器,电阻为49Ω左右;3kW,16Ω左右。功率不同的电热水器,其电热元件的阻值不同。若电阻为无穷大,说明电热元件损坏,应予更换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QOSidOkc0okWmmxGsh3ca1E2nEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)温控器损坏:当温控器触头接触不良或感温体内感温剂泄漏时,可引起温控器不能正常工作。对于前者可拆开压力式温控器进行修复;对于后者只好更换新的压力式温控器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YIYidcmquoags8xkRVycrNrNnxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2、出水温度太高","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SuAqdK84io4a8cx4SmYcOJCfnme"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)冷热水调节不当:适当调节冷热水阀的开度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"N26mdYGgwoYYMixg7uMcRjocnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)温控器旋钮调节不当或触点粘连:将温控器旋钮调至温度较低处;对触点粘连的,可将温控器拆开,将粘连触点分开,并对触点进行研修、调整,经调整后,一般即可使用,必要时可进行更换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CSEkdASQSoqCEoxM7UVc9FRHnch"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":597,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"常见故障分析","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cbf6dc3eb93f4a5d87512021c3e7b634","width":917},"text":"","id":"Kuq8d8goOoQocEx0UwocD7XmnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)限温器失灵:检修限温器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MCoidKiAuoIcMyx0ETIcXvqCnQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"3、漏水","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NCsCduU4Qo2aeixkBlDc1TuUnnf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)管道连接处漏水:对接口密封不好造成的漏水,应重新安装接口;若属自来水压太高,应在自来水道上设置减压阀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KcA6dUOUkouQ40xiEPPcjXvsnaf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":583,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"常见故障分析","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/33c965c6e47942b3a19736b9b5204fe1","width":872},"text":"","id":"Lgm8d2mSSo4OySxmOzYcSSIZnng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)安全阀接口漏水:是由于安全阀松扣或密封不好造成的,应重新拧紧和密封。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IoA4dEMyaoecUgx8onkcaBTpnUb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":669,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"常见故障分析","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/35fca532fa97417faddbabccd68607f9","width":880},"text":"","id":"MgU2dMSyYo8kkoxGYhGcDCzZn9b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"4、出水带电","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WQ8UdSiSGoKYmaxQfyOc6P8Anvd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)出水口接地失效:重新接好接地线,保证接地电阻小于0.1Ω。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JKgudacMKo4KuCx4XePcNCLGnqg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)水中分布电流大:用细钢丝编织成网,包在出水口上,并与接地线良好接触。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BSwkdc4mcomsYqxgpWAcPDiBn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)电热元件绝缘损坏或失效:更换电热元件,更换时要保持电气接触良好,有关密封部分不漏水。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z0GudayU4o6OsWxfU6zcz9VDnHY"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)内部导线绝缘层损坏,搭接在外壳或内胆上:拆开电热水器,检查出导线绝缘层损坏的部分,进行更换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IGYgdkOiMoI48ExzhN5cdE2NnLC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"5、进水困难","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GM6sdmQMKoUeoExMbRgcTMeJn8b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)脏堵:主要是由于自来水水质不好,杂质超量,堵住进水口的逆止阀。设有进水滤网的热水器大都是滤网孔被堵。在确定水压正常后,关闭自来水供水总阀,清理管路,冲出胜物或清洗滤网。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VKO6d0828okQwKxQnSMckxnvnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)汽堵:常见于密闭水箱贮水式电热水器中。其特征是:热水阀打开后,喷出大量水蒸气,此时应将调温器调到最小位置或切断电源,先将蒸汽从热水阀排出,然后打开冷水进水阀,使热水器排水,降低水温,再检修温控器;若热水阀打开后,热汽断续流出,量很小,一般是脏堵造成的。此时应开大热水阀和冷水进水阀,以降低水温,待水温降低后,检查热水阀是否脏堵,洗净后冷水便会从热水阀流出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Om8cdKyEioGG4sx44UlcqAPin2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)供水压力不正常:当供水管路因水压下降,供水压力低于贮水压力,逆止阀不能被顶开,会造成进水困难。这种故障,待水压正常后,故障即自行消失。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZuwGdq6CgoIaEIxUVQxc1rKjndc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UuAGdAwwOogeW4xWMVmcKBqMnrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用一段时间后,应取下喷头,按安装方法进行冲洗。长期使用后,若升温慢,应检查电热元件是否结垢,若结垢,可用去垢剂清除水垢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TIA2d8eaQokGsaxO2LIc2TaknLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"若漏水,应更换相应的橡胶密封圈。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Nkigd2Eu4oi6glxym54cw4jJnI3"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"若加热时蒸汽冒出,则表明恒温器失效。或感温头脱出,应关闭电路,经检查修复后再用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWgQdAcagoQ8EQx4eKDceRo9ncf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"加热时因水的膨胀,喷头有时会有少量热水溢出,这属正常现象,不必过分用力拧紧热水阀,以免加速损坏密封圈。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ss6idy4AeoMgOIx6mVccESPinPf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"自来水阀可使用不带手轮的阀门或者安装好后取下手轮,以防误关此阀,导致水箱缺水而烧毁电热丝。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PWkydUIOIosqkaxcJT6coKeancb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"燃气热水器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EmkGd4cqCok2cGxUrnUcojNXnHd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"结构","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CGMkdSwwmoIEGAxgfjucH3JmnZc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"目前,家用快速燃气热水器常见为壁挂式,适合淋浴使用,主要由水路系统、燃气系统、热交换系统、排烟系统和安全装置五大部分组成。其结构示意图如下所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V48udWcmQoakmMx4mVTcota2nAb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":897,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"结构","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2c3235234e654902a40487f338c99b13","width":1262},"text":"","id":"FuEKdyoIso8A8gxai9ccnk69nfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)水路系统主要包括进水阀、水膜阀等,其中水膜阀是关键部件,起控制水气联动装置的作用,当水源切断后立即切断燃气;水阀是控制冷水进入热水器流量大小的装置,水阀燃烧器在同样工作状态下,流量大的,输出热水温较低,反之则水温升高。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZAm2dayWYoCUEcxMJCYcengxnOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)燃气系统主要包括燃气调节阀、水气联动阀、常明火、主燃烧器。其中主燃烧器是热水器供热的主要部件;水气联动阀是由水流的压力差控制气阀的开启以防止空烧。燃气调节阀可调节进入主燃烧器气量,以达到调节水温的目的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PQkGdYKICoeAC4xWGhIcqrfXnzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)热交换系统主要包括腔体、集热片和弯管。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PKW2dKGiioSk4Wx63PfchJSUnze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)排烟系统包括热水器外壳、排气烟管和排烟口等。燃烧后的烟气,须经过排烟系统排出。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AYK2dQ0k8os2qsxfWf4cL7JanCE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)安全装置主要包括由热电偶和电磁阀组成的熄火保护、缺氧保护、水气联动阀防止空烧、排水阀防止过水压和冻裂。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LIO6dcQuQo26iSxi295cllDhnZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面重点介绍燃气热水器主要部件结构原理","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EskWd8mkwogOQ4xamOBcLlK2nfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一、点火装置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FuyudEG4IowISAxER0Dcc5P4nTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"点火装置的作用是点燃小火(常明火)并保持其燃烧。当按下点火按钮时,小火管有燃气流出,此时点火器工作,点燃旁边的小火。燃气热水器的点火方式主要有压电陶瓷点火和电脉冲点火两种。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LI8EdwICGo4GQCxmssIcx8VgnUb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":660,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"结构","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/31c6e50fd12c433eaa7a8a2f0f4ef21e","width":750},"text":"","id":"Ays6dC2OUogYgQxacJrcBM7nn1f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、水气联动阀","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NemcdiAkkos68wxRwRuc2P7anOi"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水气联动阀是保证燃气热水器安全使用的重要部件,其主要作用是:当水压足够,水在热交换器中流动时,燃气才能进入主燃烧器进行燃烧;而当水流停止或压力不足时,自动切断燃气供给,以防因缺水面燃坏热水器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZucqdiI44os06GxkzQuclgJhnlb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":600,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"结构","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/516af55f2e064ad78b8c0992e136f804","width":800},"text":"","id":"AiKodKiUSok20ixkfGicQNhPnOh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"三、燃烧器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SeSMdiUcSokiQyxqyOoc0AgOnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、常明火为点燃主燃烧器作准备,常明火有单独的燃气通路。同时常明火加热熄火保护装置中的热电偶,使电磁阀开闭燃气阀门。当由热电偶或双金属片构成的熄火保护装置一旦检测到常明小火熄灭,熄火保护装置将自动切断气源。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R4awdaOQ8o2IoixSIAGchMqCnTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"常明火点火管一般用铜管或不锈钢制成,为保证燃烧的稳定,大多采用大气式燃烧方式,即燃烧前预混一部分空气,由于这种燃烧方式火焰短而稳定,用它加热热电偶或热双金属片时,热量集中,不易产生误动作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UQwydCSUcoiQY6xkj83cR1hdn3d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、主燃烧器是燃气热水器提供热源的主要部件,热负荷较大,火力强而且集中,火焰高度实短不宜长,一般采用大气式燃烧器来满足要求,而且大多不设一次调节装置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VG4edEi6IoUGCUx2Z6vcuBr8n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加热成热水,经混合水管的冷水混合,就可从供热水龙头流出适合使用的热水。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MEewdgsWSoIgKMxIplmcQs6cncg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"当关闭出水口时,水气连动阀内的压差消失,从而关闭了水气连动阀的气阀,主燃烧器的火焰熄灭,热水停止流出,按下熄火键,点火键复位,关闭主气阀,常明火熄灭。此时熄火安全装置的热电偶的热电势下降,电磁阀关闭。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A0O0dIm0ioKm0SxwzdtcIdcJnFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下图为沈乐满牌SR-5型后制式燃气热水器电气原理图,供参考。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Gwgkd6s0UoKga6xuxulcO1r8nrb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":491,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工作原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2ca7e1e9708d4ed2bd13d22d98a85f5c","width":747},"text":"","id":"IcUudSAUuoeo4KxAZH7cl8sbnkf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KUwKdcGMqoAAawx0AeRcn9m8n3d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一、常见故障分析","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwMAd6im6oWEgixwR7Xc0bZTnZm"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"1、打不着火或打火困难","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xkkwd2iQCooeiIxM3Glcjw7cnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)刚打开气源时,由于气管内空气尚未排空,短时间内难以打火,只要多打几次,让气管内的空气排空后,便能成功点火。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RAYqdgComo6gaGxcXQXcxBYxnLf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)喷嘴堵塞:在打火时有火星,而无法点燃火种,表明喷嘴有堵塞,此时只要将喷嘴进行清理即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYQUdm6GSoGKssxiADBcqAuHnPf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":800,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3b0bdf9d30bb4345978e7e4db0bfe4f3","width":800},"text":"","id":"FGSodKWMuoSkwCxozhzcg2fJnhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)点火针破裂或松动:多数热水器点火针绝缘体是用陶瓷制作的,若陶瓷破裂或点火针松动,就会造成没有对着火种进行点火,打不着火。此时应更换点火针或对点火针进行调整位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DEmYdgAiQoi6wSxCG30cyGlInDc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a4a5502894164d50adea808c8c9b7205","width":957},"text":"","id":"ZCiod26Mwou4cexUvPTc0aG7nKh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)压电陶瓷失效手动式热水器一般是采用压电陶瓷点火,若点火时无点火火花,通常是压电陶瓷损坏造成的,应及时进行更换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IOECdwCkKouIuUxiS2PcZyMOnQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)水动式热水器电磁阀损坏,点火时,有火星而点不着火,此时先检查电磁阀接线是否良好,若未发现接线不良,应更换电磁阀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VGS6dwUusoSCQsxUz7Tc9RyanTh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bb059af299b04523b214eb7d6f88418b","width":976},"text":"","id":"KiU8dyQ2GoEIIqxk39sc31iHnOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(6)水动式热水器点火时无火星此时按顺序检查电池是否有电或装反,电池盒是否有接触不良,微动开关是否损坏,电脉冲发生器和接线是否有故障。排除故障后即可点火。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EIAIdMQ4coEaQexkNRVcT03Tnrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"2、中途","id":""},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"燎火","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TA6sdkECcoS4w4xYTrmcO5m1nRM"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)热电偶与电磁阀接触不良或失效:若在热水器使用过程中,偶然中途熄火,说明热电偶与电磁阀接触不良,此时应紧固两者的联接螺母;当热水器打火后,中途熄火的时间都较接近时,表明热电偶已开始失效,应尽早更换。当热水器每次中途熄火的时间不规则时,表明火种与热电偶的位置不太准确,应调整。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P2e6dmQYKoS2O2x2bDwc2pzbn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)燃气气压不稳定:适当调整气源压力或清洗火种喷嘴。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E8CadAy6koIIoWxCytEchxxMnMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3〉保护装置动作:当直排式热水器使用时间过长,且室内换气较差时,或热交换器(水箱)长期没有清洗而造成严重积炭,保护装置便会自动关闭气源,导致熄火。对于前者,需打开门窗,使室内空气流通,对于后者需定期(每年1~2次)清洗热交换器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PceMdqCgao8oQYxsrEqchR4SnZc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)水动式热水器离子感应针被污染:若每次使用时,都要打2~3次火,应对感应针进行清洗,若经清洗,还有同样的问题出现,说明感应针的材质或电子点火器质量不良,应及时更换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IsiQdUOI0oMc4kxQLmAcCDwJnwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"3、漏气","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J82MdSsCYoQSwAxEvJUcIESInWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"漏气主要是由于密封用的密封圈破损老化或配合不严造成的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DomedSGCAogyOax8ertcguRAn0b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)进水接头安装不良而漏气:重新安装平面胶圈,上紧并紧固气接头。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Be0CdOgCyokcMUxeYKFcAT3Xnsc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":587,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5cf67069ab4f4d0990f6a1095536e45f","width":1001},"text":"","id":"T88CdoiGCo8AmcxcN3QcIiG4nJe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)气阀体上联接面漏气:更换密封胶圈。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SYc8ds8coomWo8xQ5QwcNiKfnWe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)气阀芯上的润滑脂干而漏气:清洗气阀芯,重新均匀涂上润滑脂(二硫化钼),以确保气阀芯不再漏气。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PEgOdSGi4o2E4qxo3s4cg0t3nwc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"4、漏水","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ggcydkiuko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"width":842},"text":"","id":"Fi6sdICKGoeCWixiAP3cIfJwnwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)点燃热水器常明小火,对除垢液加温,待10~15min后,关闭常明小火,打开水温开关,将饮料瓶中剩下的除垢液全部流入热水器并从进水口排出(可重复几次)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SocOdwqKYoSMiMx8TvTcwc0JnGf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)卸下饮料瓶,接好进水管,打开冷水阀门,用清水将热水器管道内残余的水垢及除垢液冲洗干净即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QoIMdYk2ioYkckxI9cUcqd4dnsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"15、水动式热水器有水流出,但不点火","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KYwed4IMuoSuW8xMzHvczQI4nZd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水动式热水器是在打开进水阀门或热水阀门时,热水器便会自动点火,数秒钟后便有热水产生。当有水流而不点火时,其故障原因是多种多样的,可以按以下步骤进行检查并排除故障。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEGgds0YcoKK2AxYDbYcygLzncc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)打开水源开关,查看指示灯是否有亮,如果红色亮,表明电池已达到无电状态,需更换电池;如果绿色亮,但无“嗒,嗒,嗒”响声及点火火花,表明点火器高压包烧毁或高压线脱落,应重新连接高压线或更换点火器;如果指示灯不亮又无点火火花出现、应检查有没有安装电池或电池是否装反,如果电池安装正常,则需检查电源连线是否可靠,发现情况应及时排除。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lci2dEE6QoYkkYxgbfkcx6S8nLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)当所有电导线未发现异常时,先检查微动开关〈有的热水器用水动磁控开关),用手按动微动开关或直接用导线(或旋具)进行短路连接,此时如果有点火动作,则证明是微动开关故障或开关拨片位置不对,应予以更换或调整。如果按动或短路微动开关,均无点火动作,则是点火器的故障,需更换点火器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KkkydUcEsockOmx6qzFcK2YCnib"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)当打开水源开关后有点火火花而没有着火时,应先检查点火针位置是否对准燃烧器,然后再检查电磁阀的连线连接是否良好,同时可根据该热水器的用电池情况,对电磁阀接入3V(或1.5V)的直流电压,查看燃烧器是否着火,如有着火,则表明点火器输出电流不足,需更换;如未有着火,则表明电磁阀有故障,也需更换。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DyKqdIsWOo6W4gxwTh1cR2gxnRg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)如果上述几种方法都无法查出原因时,就要检查其他的安全保护装置,例如,过热保护装置是否熔断或开路;防止不完全燃烧装置的热电偶是否反接或开路;水气联动装置是否活动自如(反复开、关水源、微动开关拨片应左右移动,如果不动作则是水阀膜片穿孔或联动杆卡死等)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Aq00deQU6oM2msxMpAccnSNynKg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(5)在各项检查前应先检查气源是否开启,连接气源的气管是否折叠或太长,如果气管太长,应先多点火几次,让气管内的空气排空后,方可点火成功。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pwmmd2cS8oS86WxSE4icjArLnCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"16、开水不着火或低温时熄火","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SuymdkuGso22GKxiCyoczW8CnNg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)水压偏低因水压低,而无法打开水气联动阀,燃气就无法出来被点燃。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HK6MdKA6EoYuAYxYHsHcZvbwnpg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)水阀的橡胶薄膜破损、变形或偏心更换橡胶薄膜。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R0i2d2SggoKQuoxIDE8cC9mWnsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)进水管滤网堵塞、淋浴喷头堵塞以及水阀内的文氏管松动︰平时必须经常清理。使热水器保持较佳使用状态。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S4yEdsWiOoYWSWx0u7kcVaEXnhc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"17、开水熄火或未开水着火","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZwUsd68qWo4uSQx2J4lcWusznLd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(1)冷热水阀门漏水或关闭不严,使热水器内有一定水压,打开水气联动阀而造成此故障更换或关严冷、热水阀门。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Uugadk64UoYcyqxe4Vscr8f5nkg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(2)水气联动阀内顶杆被卡死,或长期停用顶杆被粘着,胶圈变形造成顶杆运动缓慢而不熄火拆下顶杆清洗,并加润滑油。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CwEYdY4IuoKY0exms6scEj7Onid"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":585,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/67d4303afc8f4cbdbac1a27d12465b66","width":774},"text":"","id":"YAQedQOUcomSAyxugZHcaQaDnJb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(3)水气联动阀的气阀门弹簧器日久弹力不足更换弹簧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X4YKdWo4cocO2qxkRn2c3nCLngC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"(4)水阀进水管因无滤网,造成杂质卡死水阀顶轴而不炮火﹑先清洗干净水阀内部,再在进水管补加滤网,以保证水质干净。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LgImdA6UkouQ4AxCsYYcUbTMnVf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、故障代码与解决方案","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M6ISdc8sUoYKsExe2QAc2tK2noh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"现在很多产品都自带有自检功能,会根据提示告诉你产品出现了什么问题,让用户能快速找到问题,并且解决问题,相当的智能化人性化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KwaEdO0iEouYI6xEByNc5lvjngg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":8304,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2a869e8cc069406ea3f5408b5f370b2a","width":616},"text":"","id":"XGAYdoqIaosoGWxsjUscVsaCn9e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BqqUd6y6coM8OAxQv08cmAINned"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一、使用时应经常检查常明火是否正常工作,有无阻塞;如火焰微弱,应立即关闭燃气气源开关,待清除垢物后,再行点燃。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Le6Md0ymAoA6aOxszUUcXzVRn3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"二、热水器使用一段时间(一般为半年左右)后,应对水管、燃气管、容积式热水器的水箱等进行除垢,以防过滤网(见下图)被堵。水箱有沉积物,会影响热水器的正常使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W6aad4u04o82Gyx2FDkcL3lTnOZ"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":753,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"保养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/27083823e9974b858eeaaf57205f769f","width":750},"text":"","id":"EqWcdqcaCoc00exAt9BcNQbEnNg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":697,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"保养","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0a4c488af03148dbbef0aa77f5e12b43","width":861},"text":"","id":"OswidMM6sokaUExoz5oc2ofrnld"}],"text":"","id":"F406d6kySoiey4x62aAcU2zynCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"三、每隔数月,应清除热水器排气口、进气排气筒、热交换器及周围积炭和灰垢。如果发现大量积炭或有许多阻塞物时,可将热水器卸下,倒过来轻轻清除,也可用自来水冲洗,冲洗时严禁将水溅到燃烧器喷嘴和常明火上,待干燥后再安装使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F406d6kySoiey4x62aAcU2zynCf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"四、一般情况下,热水器使用一年后,应对其做一次全面检查,查清供气和供水系统的各个装置是否完好、正常,有无漏气、漏水等异常现象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OmeCd8uScoQ28ixGu7Mcj6Y4nHc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"五、如使用的水质较硬,应在热水器的前端装配一水质软化装置,并及时清除热交换盘管(即蛇形管)或水箱的水垢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CuSGd6oGeoG6SoxSYucccWXUnke"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"六、经常擦试外壳。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HieqdSA6Wo860ixeaf0cviZqnqe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"太阳能热水器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WwScdUiE2oIC6Sxqa4xciFgbn8c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"结构原理","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LqSidYs6WoomAOxKAMvcfN1FnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"太阳能热水器一般由集热器、贮热装置、循环管路、辅助装置及淋浴喷头等部分组成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2OqdWCMQoiuIox67v2cQ7S1nsb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":452,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"结构原理","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f518d1b3987f48128d5edf1d5a9af5b1","width":603},"text":"","id":"D4AydYeMeoI44sx2HrmcvYqonsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一、集热器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HWyMdogGaoe0SUxgn3dcINFYnFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"集热器是太阳能热水器的关键部件,其性能好坏,对热水器的性能起着决定性的作用。按收集太阳能的不同原理,可分为平板型集热器和聚光型集热器两种。聚光型集热器只能聚集太阳的直射辐射能,需要对太阳进行跟踪,增加了装置成本,只有在需要附到较高温度等特殊场合使用;平板型集热器是目前应用较广泛的一种,它不仅能吸收太阳的直射辐射,还可以收集太刚的散射辐射。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Do2KdKEkuokQQyx6hLecByWvn5c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、贮热装置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UOU4dc0Sio4uSsxWuEZcauvDnDe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"贮热装置通常作为短期贮存热水、减少热损失的容器,贮热效果主要取决于装置保温性能的好坏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q8wcdUSOwooKUaxmmj7cu8eyn9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"三、循环管路","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YYAqdO6AqoSWqux0A2dcHm6cnvg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"循环管路的作用是连通集热器、贮热水箱,形成一个完整的循环加热系统。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Pg6wdK8AMo4yWsxAbKRcuRTxnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"四、辅助装置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CwSadUGGGoWcCgxXXXMcWBTwnnh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"辅助装置的作用是使整个热水器装置能正常工作,并通过仪表加以显示。辅助装置包括水位显示装置、温度显示装置、循环泵、控制系统及辅助热源等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MqAYdGcOWoqK6GxEzFZcYnStnwd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BmcAdEMMMoQkI4xwxsGcnlx3nkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"一、太阳能热水器的常见故障及排除方法见下表。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEAsdsoAqoa2KwxuGlucf6WEnZf"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":276,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/22e275a6509142acbb6029ea83f1eac1","width":966},"text":"","id":"QyM4dcwYeoqIiUxikNrcRcSXnLb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":517,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/eb615d2c769f443ea1c7f95292001079","width":959},"text":"","id":"OUWkdaoqsoaeCGxY7F5cSJyNnbb"}],"text":"","id":"FYIwdc6ySosIM2xO8rPcfC5DnKP"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"二、故障代码与解决方案","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FYIwdc6ySosIM2xO8rPcfC5DnKP"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":578,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"故障检修","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3b7a96a809dc4593adca37f02d17874b","width":791},"text":"","id":"Ccewd2eE6ogoISxyaEic88jqnsg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"保养","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TMWadoKWko4iIixSqg4csuginVb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"必须经常保持集热器上盖的清洁;要防止空晒;使用一定时间后,应进行清洁处理,排除沉积的污垢;冬季停用时,必须将集热器及管道中的水排净,以防冻裂。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HIyIdM6keoy62WxqKC6crhC9n5c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以上就是对热水器如何维修问题的介绍,希望能对您有所帮助!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G8qodwci8oYu8ex2FQmcczjmnff"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E